active and co transport Flashcards
What is active transport
The movement of molecules or ions into or out of a cell from region of low to high concentration using ATP and carrier proteins
What is ATP used for in active transport
Directly move molecules
Individually mov molecules using a concentration gradient which has already been set up by active transport. This is called active transport .
How does it differ from passive forms of transport
Metabolic energy in the form of ATP is needed
Substances move against the concentration gradient
Carrier proteins molecules which act as pumps are involved
The process is very which specific substances are being transported
How does direct active transport of a single molecule or ion
The carrier proteins span the plasma membrane and bind to the molecular or ion
The molecule or ion binds to receptor sites on the carrier protein
On the inside of the cell ATP binds to the protein causing it to split to ADP and a phosphate molecule. As a result the protein molecule changes shape and opens to the opposite side of the membrane
The molecule or ion is then released to the other side of the membrane
The phosphate molecule is released from the protein which causes the protein to revert to its original shape, ready for the process to be repeated. The phosphate molecule then recombines with the ADP to form ATP during respiration
Increasing the rate of movement
The epithelial cells lining the ileum possess microvilli. The microvilli provide more surface area for the insertion and active transport can take place
What is the role of diffusion in absorption
As carbs and protein are being digested there is normally a greater concentration of glucose and amino acids within ileum than in the blood.there is therefore a concentration gradient down which glucose moves by facilitated diffusion from the inside the ileum into the blood. Glucose absorbed into the blood is continuously being river from the cells and being used in respiration . This helps contain the concentration gradient between the ilium and the blood .this means the cell surface membrane rate increases
What are the roles of active transport in absorption
Active transport helps sugar to be transferred from a low concentration in the gut to a higher concentration in the blood. This allows the the glucose from the gut to be absorbed. This glucose is used for respiration .
How does a potassium sodium pump work with co transport
https://o.quizlet.com/ziSOcGxpqfKtB9SHM9WAbA.png
