Acids And Bases Flashcards
What is an acid?
An acid turns litmus paper red.
What is a base?
A base turns litmus paper blue
When is a salt formed?
A salt is formed when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal
What is a fuel?
It’s a substance that burns in oxygen to produces heat
What are hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons are compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbon only
Methane + oxygen =?
Carbon dioxide and water
How is sulfuric acid formed?
Coal and oil are burned which releases sulfuric dioxide which dissolves in water to create sulfuric acid
How is nitric acid formed?
- Car engines take in nitrogen and oxygen.
- Cars emit oxides of nitrogen.
- These oxides dissolve in water vapour in clouds.
- This forms nitric acids
List the ways of solving acid rain:
- use chemical plants to remove sulfur dioxide from emissions of power stations.
- reduce the sulfur content of oils and gas.
- install catalysts in the car exhausts of cars. These devices are called catalyst converters. They contain catalysts that remove harmful oxides of nitrogen from exhaust fumes.
- use other forms of energy
What is the reaction called when an acid is with a base?
Neutralisation
What does acid rain do?
- killing fish/ destroying lakes
- harming trees
- Attacks stones
What is an indicator?
An indicator shows by means of a colour change whether a substance is acidic or alkaline
Acid + Base =?
Salt + water
What is the chemical formula for methane?
CH4
How is coal formed?
200 million years ago, huge trees and ferns died and were compressed by layers of the earth and rock to form coal
