Acids And Bases 2 chapter 28 Flashcards
Name two common laboratory bases.
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda, corrosive) and calcium hydroxide. (Solution is limewater.)
What happens when an acid and a base neutralise each other?
A salt is formed.
What is titration?
It is the method of adding one solution from a burette to another in order to find out how much of the two solutions will just react (neutralise) each other.
What is a fuel?
A fuel is any substance that burns in oxygen to produce heat.
Name the three types of fuels.
Solid fuel- coal, wood, turf.
Liquid fuel- petrol, diesel, parading oil.
Natural gas- methane.
What are fossil fuels?
They are the fuels that were formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. (Coal, oil, natural gas.)
What are hydrocarbons?
They are compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbons only.
What is acid rain?
It is rainwater with a pH of less than 5.5 that is made acidic from the burning of fossil fuels.
Where does sulfuric acid come from?
Sulfur dioxide comes from the burning of fossil fuels (oil and coal) it then dissolves in water to form sulfuric acid.
Where does nitric acid come from?
Cars emit oxides of nitrogen, which dissolve in water to form nitric acid.
Name 3 problems of acid rain.
It destroys lakes by washing aluminium salts into them and killing their fish.
It harm trees and foliage and removes vital minerals from the soil.
It attacks and reacts with stone, iron and limestone.
Name 3 solutions to acid rain.
Install chemical plants to remove Sulfur dioxide from the air.
Reduce the Sulfur content of fuels like oil or gas
Install catalysts into the exhaust systems of cars.
Burn less fossil fuels.
Use alternate forms of renewable energy ie. Wind, hydroelectric, solar.
Name two common laboratory acids.
Hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid.
