Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is an acid

Answer 1

A proton donor

Question 2

HCl->

Answer 2

H+ + Cl-

Question 3

Name the three common acids

Answer 3

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)

Question 4

What makes an acid strong

Answer 4

It can fully ionise- disassociate (gives away H+)

Question 5

Name two strong acids

Answer 5

Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid

Question 6

What makes an acid weak

Answer 6

It partially ionises

Question 7

Give an example of a weak acid

Answer 7

Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH)

Question 8

CH3COOH <=>

Answer 8

H+ + CH3COO-

Question 9

What determines an acids concentration

Answer 9

The amount of H+ ions

Question 10

What is an alkali

Answer 10

A proton acceptor

Question 11

Describe an alkali

Answer 11

A base dissolved in water

Question 12

Give an example of a strong alkali

Answer 12

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Question 13

Give an example of a weak alkali

Answer 13

Ammonia (NH3)

Question 14

What is the PH of acids

Answer 14

0-6

Question 15

What is the PH of alkali’

Answer 15

8-14

Question 16

What is a salt

Answer 16

What’s formed when a metal replaces the hydrogen of an acid

Question 17

How do you convert from Moldm-3 to gdm-3

Answer 17

Multiply by the Mr

Question 18

What is volumetric analysis

Answer 18

A chemical procedure used for determining the concentration of a solution

Question 19

What is the equivalent point

Answer 19

The point where the exact amount of acid has reacted with the alkali according to the equation

Question 20

What are the requirements for titrations (4)

Answer 20

• fast reaction
• reaction must go to completion (large equilibrium constant)
• free from any side reactions (represented by a single equation)
• must be able to determine through observation and the equivalence point

Question 21

Name two universal indicators

Answer 21

Methyl-orange, phenolphthalein

Question 22

Describe methyl-orange indicator

Answer 22

Changes from red-yellow at PH3.1 (acid-alkali)

Question 23

Describe phenolphthalein

Answer 23

Turns from colourless to pink at PH8 (acid-alkali)

Question 24

What dp do you always write titrations to unless stated otherwise

Answer 24

2 decimal places

Question 25

Define accurate

Answer 25

Getting a correct value

Question 26

Define precise

Answer 26

How close repeat values are to each other

Question 27

How to calculate percentage uncertainty

Answer 27

Uncertainty (x however many times you used the object)/measurement
((X100))

Question 28

How do you minimise percentage uncertainty in titrations

Answer 28

Use a pipette/burette (very accurate)