ACIDIFYING AGENTS

Question 1

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract includes what part of the body?

Answer 1

mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus, and its accompanying exocrine glands

Question 2

specifically where in the small intestine

Answer 2

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 3

specifically where in the large intestine

Answer 3

cecum and colon

Question 4

specifically what exocrine glands?

Answer 4

salivary glands, pancreas, and gallbladder

Question 5

drugs used in the treatment of GI disorders

Answer 5

GI Agents

Question 6

Drugs affecting GI system are used in the treatment of:

Answer 6

•Gastric Acidity
•Peptic Ulcers
•Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
•Bowel Motility Disorders
•Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting

Question 7

_________ is a watery, colorless fluid that’s produced by your stomach’s lining.

Answer 7

Stomach acid or Gastric acid

Question 8

Stomach acid, or gastric acid, is a watery, colorless fluid that’s produced by your stomach’s lining.

Answer 8

Gastric Acidity

Question 9

An open sore or raw area in the lining of the stomach or intestine.

Answer 9

Peptic Ulcers

Question 10

Common Cause of Peptic Ulcer

Answer 10

*Bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
*long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and naproxen sodium

Question 11

________ is a common condition in which the stomach contents move up into the esophagus.

Answer 11

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Question 12

Most common symptoms of GERD

Answer 12

•heartburn, regurgitation, difficulty swallowing, chest pain,
•chronic cough, and disrupted sleep.

Question 13

____________ are digestive problems that result when the nerves or muscles of the gut do not work in a coordinated way.

Answer 13

GI motility disorders or Bowel Motility Disorders

Question 14

_______ is feeling an urge to vomit.

Answer 14

Nausea

Question 15

_______ is often called “being sick to your stomach.”

Answer 15

Nausea

Question 16

_______ is forcing the contents of the stomach up through the food pipe (esophagus) and out of the mouth.

Answer 16

Vomiting

Question 17

Nausea is feeling an urge to vomit. It is often called
“being sick to your stomach.” Vomiting is forcing the
contents of the stomach up through the food pipe (esophagus)
and out of the mouth.

Answer 17

Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting

Question 18

_______ are inorganic chemicals that either produce or become acid.

Answer 18

Acidifiers

Question 19

These chemicals increase the level of gastric acid in the stomach when ingested, thus decreasing the stomach pH.

Answer 19

Acidifiers

Question 20

Some of these drugs are used to increase metabolic acidosis whereas some of these are used to increase the gastric hydrochloric acid.

Answer 20

Acidifiers

Question 21

Classifications of Acidifiers

Answer 21

•Gastric acidifiers
•Urinary acidifiers
•Systemic acidifiers

Question 22

drugs which are used in increasing the acidity of stomach.

Answer 22

Gastric acidifiers

Question 23

These agents used in patients suffering from achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria.

Answer 23

Gastric Acidifiers

Question 24

inadequate secretion of acid takes place in the stomach

Answer 24

Hypochlorhydria

Question 25

drugs which are used to remove acidic urine from the body or to maintain pH of urine

Answer 25

Urinary acidifiers

Question 26

able to neutralized the alkaline body fluid or to maintain the pH of all part of the body

Answer 26

Systemic acidifiers

Question 27

Used to treat patient suffering from systemic alkalosis.

Answer 27

Systemic acidifiers

Question 28

Example of Acidifying Agent

Answer 28

Ammonium chloride

Question 29

Solutions of ammonium chloride are ______.

Answer 29

mildly acidic

Question 30

chemical formula of ammonium chloride

Answer 30

NH4Cl

Question 31

appearance; odor; and taste of ammonium chloride

Answer 31

white solid, hygroscopic; odorless; cooling saline

Question 32

__________ is used as an expectorant in cough medicine. Its expectorant action is caused by irritative action on the bronchial mucosa, which causes the production of excess respiratory tract fluid, which presumably is easier to cough up.

Answer 32

Ammonium chloride

Question 33

______ are an irritant to the gastric mucosa and may induce nausea and vomiting.

Answer 33

Ammonium salts

Question 34

_______ is used as a systemic acidifying agent in treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis.

Answer 34

Ammonium chloride

Question 35

The main application of ammonium chloride is as a _______.

Answer 35

nitrogen source in fertilizers

Question 36

________ is used as a flux in preparing metals to be tin coated, galvanized or soldered.

Answer 36

Ammonium chloride

Question 37

Advantages of Acidifiers

Answer 37

•Less corrosive •Completely bio – degradable •Less stringent smell of acids •No resistance •User – friendly

Question 38

Classification of GI Agents

Answer 38

•Antacids •Protectives and adsorbents •Saline cathartics (purgatives)

Question 39

________ is to neutralize excess HCl which maybe causing pain and possible ulceration.

Answer 39

Antacid

Question 40

______ is a group of gastrointestinal agents that is commonly used or the treatment of mild diarrhea.

Answer 40

Protectives and adsorbents

Question 41

_______ are agents that quicken and increase evacuation from the bowels.

Answer 41

Saline cathartics (purgatives)

Question 42

In patients suffering from achlorhydria, there is ___________ in stomach.

Answer 42

deficient secretion of HCl

Question 43

_______ are useful in providing the necessary acidity for the proper digestion of food in cases of patients suffering from achlorhydria.

Answer 43

Acidifiers

Question 44

_________ are those which, when given usually by injection, act by reducing the alkali reserve in the body and are also useful in reducing metabolic alkaloid.

Answer 44

Systemic acidifiers