Acid Fast Bacteria Flashcards
1
Q
Mycobacterium characteristics
A
- cell wall made of mycolic acid (thick, greasy)
- won’t stain with gram stains for this reason
- slow growing life cycle
2
Q
Mycobacterium important species
A
- M. avium paratuberculosis (MAC’s=mycobacterium avium complex)
- M. tuberculosis bovis (MTB)
- M. leprae
3
Q
Mycobacterium disease patterns
A
- chronic progressive diseases
- asymptomatic/granulomatous disease/enteritis
- tuberculosis
- “leprosy”, “leproid” syndrome
- Johne’s disease: GI, diarrhea (M. avium)
4
Q
Mycobacterium treatment
A
- abx not effective
- complete surgical excision of all nodules (companion animals)
- quarantine/slaughter livestock
- illegal to use chemo for tuberculosis
5
Q
Nocardia characteristics and important species
A
- mycolic acid cell wall, won’t stain with gram stains
- N. asteroides (looks like a star), soil saprophyte
6
Q
Nocardia disease patterns
A
- canine systemic infections
- bovine mastitis
- draining tracts, abscesses, effusions
7
Q
Nocardia treatment
A
- drainage and lavage
- trimethoprim
- quarantine, disinfection, hygiene
