acid base - respiratory

Question 1

respiratory acidosis

• low pH ( < ___ )
• hypercapnia (PaCO2) ( > ___ mmHg)
• compensatory increase in HCO3 concetration

Answer 1

• 7.35
• 45

Question 2

respiratory acidosis - patho

almost always results from a failure of ___ versus overproduction

causes
- airway ___
- __ stimulus for respiration from CNS
- failure of heart or lungs
- neuromuscular defects affecting nerves or skeletal muscles required for vetilation
- ___ ventilation

Answer 2

• excretion
• obstruction
• reduced
• mechanical

Question 3

respiratory acidosis - symptoms

respiratory: ___
CNS: HA, drowsiness, confusion, coma, seizures
CV: ___ , arrhythmias, and/or hypotension

Answer 3

• SOB
• tachycardia

Question 4

respiratory acidosis - treatment

• correct the underlying cause
• ___ ventilation or oxygen (be careful giving O2 to COPD patients)
• avoid rapid correction to prevent alkalemia
• in rare instances, may need to use bicarb with acute acidosis if pH < 7.15

Answer 4

• mechanical

Question 5

respiraotry alkalosis

• increased pH ( ___ )
• decreased PaCO2 ( < ___ mmHg)
• compensatory decrease in HCO3

Answer 5

• 7.45
• 40

Question 7

respiratory alkalosis - patho

causes
- central/peripheral ___ of respiration
- mechanical ventilation
- pulmonary edema, PE, pneumonia
- ___ intoxication

Answer 7

• stimulation
• salicylate

Question 8

respiratory alkalosis - symptoms/treatment

symptoms
- CNS: ___ , confusion, seizures
- decreased cerebral blood flow
- tetany/muscle cramps
- N/V

treatment
- correct the underlying cause
- ___ , sedation, paralysis

Answer 8

• lightheadedness
• ventilation