Acid-Base Imbalances Flashcards
1
Q
Metabolic Acidosis is a clinical disturbance characterized by what?
A
Low pH and a low plasma bicarb concentration
2
Q
Any time the body has too much acid what happens to the bicarb?
A
It will decrease severely
3
Q
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis (ACIDOTIC)
A
Body produces too much acid or loses too little base A-aspirin toxicity/alcoholism C-carbohydrates not metabolized (lactic acid) I-insufficiency of kidneys D-diarrhea/DKA O-ostomy drainage T-fisTula I-intake of high fat diet C-chronic starvation
4
Q
What system tries to compensate during Metabolic Acidosis?
A
Respiratory
5
Q
What is the blood pH with Acidosis?
A
Less than 7.35
6
Q
S/S of Metabolic Acidosis
A
- kussmaul breathing/rapid breathing-hyperventilate
- weak
- peripheral vasodilation
- confused
- low BP
- n/v
- cardiac changes
7
Q
What to watch for w/ Metabolic Acidosis
A
- watch for respiratory distress/mechanical ventilation
- watch for hyperkalemia/calcium
- neuro status/seizure precautions
- strict I/O’s
- dialysis/
8
Q
Normal pH level
A
7.35-7.45
9
Q
Normal pCO2 level
A
35-45
10
Q
Normal pO2 level
A
80-100
11
Q
Normal HCO3 level
A
22-26
12
Q
What is CO2?
A
An ACID
13
Q
Steps for reading ABG’s
A
- look at pH (normal/abnormal)
- look at pCO2
- look at bicarb
- is there compensation?
- what type of compensation? (full/partial)
14
Q
Respiratory Acidosis LABS
A
- decreased pH
- normal bicarb
- increased PCO2
15
Q
Respiratory Alkalosis LABS
A
- increased pH
- normal bicarb
- decreased PCO2