Acid/Base Balance

Question 1

Normal physiological pH range

Answer 1

7.35 - 7.45

Question 2

pH that is incompatible with life (2)

Answer 2

< 6.7 or > 7.7

Question 3

pH signifying acidosis

Answer 3

< 7.35

Question 4

pH signifying alkalosis

Answer 4

> 7.45

Question 5

Metabolic disorders involve _____ (organ) and _____ (substance)

Answer 5

kidney; bicarb

Question 6

Respiratory disorders involve _____ (organ) and _____ (substance)

Answer 6

lung; CO2

Question 7

Normal PaCO2

Answer 7

35-45 mmHg

Question 8

Normal HCO3

Answer 8

22-26 mEq/L

Question 9

Normal PaO2

Answer 9

95-100 mmHg

Question 10

Normal SaO2

Answer 10

> 95%

Question 11

Anion gap calculation

Answer 11

Na - (Cl + HCO3)

Question 12

Normal anion gap

Answer 12

3-11 mEq/L

Question 13

Metabolic acidosis lab values

Answer 13

low pH; low HCO3; decreased PaCO2

Question 14

Delta gap calculation

Answer 14

difference between pt anion gap and normal anion gap

Question 15

Normal delta gap

Answer 15

24

Question 16

Acute bicarb dosing

Answer 16

dose = 0.5L/kg(use IBW) x (12 - pt bicarb)

Question 17

At what pH would you consider using acute bicarb therapy

Answer 17

pH < 7.10

Question 18

How much of the bicarb dose should you give initially?

Answer 18

1/3 - 1/2

Question 19

How much bicarb do you give in cardiac arrest?

Answer 19

1 mEq/kg

Question 20

Chronic bicarb dosing

Answer 20

1-3 mEq/kg/day

Question 21

Metabolic alkalosis lab values

Answer 21

high pH; high HCO3; increased PaCO2

Question 22

Saline responsive urinary chloride value

Answer 22

< 10-20 mEq/L

Question 23

Saline resistant urinary chloride value

Answer 23

> 20 mEq/L

Question 24

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dosing (salline resistant metabolic alkalosis)

Answer 24

250-375 once or twice daily

Question 25

Respiratory acidosis lab values

Answer 25

low pH; high PaCO2; increased bicarb

Question 26

Respiratory alkalosis lab values

Answer 26

high pH; low PaCO2; decreased bicarb