Acid-Base

Question 1

What pH is considered acidosis

Answer 1

< 7.35

Question 2

What pH is considered alkalosis

Answer 2

> 7.45

Question 3

Respiratory acidosis basically mean

Answer 3

Too much CO₂ due to hypoventilation

Question 4

Metabolic acidosis basically means

Answer 4

Too much H or loss of bicarbonate

Question 5

Respiratory alkalosis basically means

Answer 5

Not enough CO₂ due to hyperventilation

Question 6

Respiratory acidosis pH and Bicarb changes

Answer 6

Decrease in pH

Minor increase in Bicarb due to compensation

Question 7

Respiratory acidosis CO₂:HCO₃ ratio

Answer 7

1:0.1

Question 8

Respiratory alkalosis CO₂:HCO₃ ratio

Answer 8

1:0.2

Question 9

Kidney compensation CO₂:HCO₃ ratio due to Respirtoary acidosis

Answer 9

1:0.35

Question 10

Winter’s equation for metabolic acidosis compensation

Predicted PaCO₂=

Answer 10

(1.5 X HCO₃) + 8

Question 11

Kidney compensation CO₂:HCO₃ ratio for Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 11

1:0.5

Question 12

Plasma Anion Gap=

Answer 12

Na - (Cl + HCO₃)

Question 13

MUDPILES elevate gap in metabolic acidosis

Answer 13

• Methanol
• Uremia (Kidney failure)
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
• Paraldehyde
• Iron, Isoniazid
• Lactic acidosis
• Ethylene glycol, Ethanol ketoacidosis
• Salicylate, Sepsis

Question 14

HARDUP non-elevated gap

Answer 14

• Hypercholermia
• Acetazolamide
• Renal tubular acidosis
• Diarrhea
• Ureteral diversion
• Pancreatic fistula