acculturation Flashcards
aim luek and wilson
Investigation of the variables that predict acculturative stress in a nationally representative sample of asian immigrants and asian americans
what questions is luek and wilson useful to answer
acculturation
assimilation
participants luek and wilson
- 2095 asian americans
- 1271 1st gen immigrants 18+ when they migrated
- Rest were born from 1st gen immigrants
luek and wilson process
- Semi-structured interviews
- Interviewers had similar cultural and linguistic backgrounds of the participants
- Random sample was contacted to validate the data
- Interviews measures; acculturative stress, impact of language proficiency, language preference, discrimination, social networks, family cohesion, socioeconomic status on accultuative stress
lueck and wilson results
In 1433/2095 parts were found to have acculturative stress 70% of the sample
They drew the conclusions;
1. Bilingual language preference = lower accult stress. Allowing them to speak both meant building relationships outside of their community. Plus inability to discuss issues with their own families who may not talk english
2. The preference of speaking english only is a predictor of high acculturative stress
3. Negative treatments - prejudice, harassment, threats - = high accult stress
Having shared values with family lowers stress
4. Those who were satisfied with economic opportunities in the US and those who move again if they had the choice = lower stress
luek and wilson conclusion
The study concluded that bilingualism, strong family cohesion, and economic satisfaction reduce acculturative stress, while English-only preference and negative treatment increase it among Asian immigrants and Asian Americans.
luek and wilson strengths
- Semi structures allow for more personality. Allows for follow up questions to ensure full understanding
- Large diverse sample with chinese, filipino, vietnamese, other asians
luek and wilson weaknesses
- This many interviews is time consuming and costly
- Interviewer effects which may lead to less or more disclosure
- Measuring acculturative stress is very subjective
- mAny variables are problematic; shared values with family; stereotypical; economic satisfaction is not objective and varies between people
- Problem that assumptions made about asians could cause ecological fallacy
aim of Norasakkunkit and Uchida
To investigate the relationship between and individuals attitude towards collectivism and individuality to the risk of hikikomori
participants norasakkunkit and Uchida
195 japanese uni students
procedure norasakkunkit and Uchida
- Given a standardized test to see if they were high or low risk of hikikomori
- Gave attest to measure attitudes about social harmony and social conformity looking at:
- Perception of current self
- Perception of ideal self
- General japanese society
- also given a test to measure local identity and global identity
results Norasakkunkit and Uchida (2014)
- Both H+ L agree that social harmony and conformity were highly valued in japan
- When assessing the current self and ideal self, those at high risk rated social harmony much lower, meaning that the high risk students would like to be lower in harmony seeking and conformity than is the case within society
- High risk students scored lower on the loca and global identity tests
Conclusion Norasakkunkit and Uchida (2014)
It seems that local cultures may alienate japanese youths who do not identify with cultural norms, however they do not know how to access a globalized society so instead they withdraw
strengths Norasakkunkit and Uchida (2014)
Relatively large sample improving generalizability
weaknesses Norasakkunkit and Uchida
- Correlational; no cause and effect can be determined
- Analogous approach meaning that the participants do not acc suffer from hikikomori but they have the risk factors associated with it, questioning how the results can acc relate to hikikomori
- Self reported, demand characteristics
- Though strong correlation, it struggles to conclude things about globalization as it is only seen in one culture.
