Accounting principles & procedures Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of financial statement you may come across relating to a company?

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2
Q

What is an asset / liability?

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3
Q

Can you give me an example of each?

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4
Q

What is the difference between financial and management accounts?

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5
Q

What do you understand by the term Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)?

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6
Q

How do companies know which reporting framework to comply with?

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7
Q

Which reporting framework do public limited companies have to comply with?

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8
Q

How would you assess the financial strength of an entity, e.g. for a valuation?

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9
Q

Can you tell me about a common financial measure?

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10
Q

What is the acid test / ROCE / working capital ratio / gearing ratio / net assets per share?

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11
Q

Can you tell me what the role of an auditor is?

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12
Q

When are audited accounts needed and why?

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13
Q

How do public limited company accounts differ?

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14
Q

Tell me something you understand from the Companies Act 2006.

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15
Q

Tell me what it means to prepare accounts in accordance with IFRS.

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16
Q

What is the difference between UK GAAP and IFRS?

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17
Q

What is the basis of valuation under IFRS 13?

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18
Q

What is fair value?

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19
Q

What has changed in relation to lease accounting / IFRS 16?

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20
Q

When did the change come into effect?

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21
Q

What is FRS 102?

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22
Q

What changes have been made to it?

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23
Q

How has this impacted upon investment property?

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24
Q

What are statutory accounts?

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25
Q

Why is good financial record keeping important to you?

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26
Q

Tell me three ways you ensure that clients’ money is handled properly.

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27
Q

What RICS guidance or Schemes do you adhere to in doing so?

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28
Q

Explain your understanding of the VAT domestic reverse charge for building and construction services.

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29
Q

When do changes to the reverse charge apply from?

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30
Q

What is the impact of the reverse charge on VAT accounting?

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31
Q

Is VAT included in a balance sheet or a profit & loss account?

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32
Q

What regulations have to be complied with when preparing and checking charity accounts?

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33
Q

How are accounts from public bodies audited in Scotland?

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34
Q

Who is required under Companies Act 2006 to publish accounts?

Summary of Experience - Level 1 - Green

A

All private and public limited companies

35
Q

Can you explain all the financial statements?

Summary of Experience - Level 1 - Green

A
  • Profit & loss account shows how profitable a company is. It shows a company’s sales, running cost and profit/loss. It can be used to monitor/measure profit/loss, compare past performances and forecast future performances
  • Cashflow statement shows the amount of cash or cash equivalents entering or leaving the firm
  • Balance sheets show the value of everything a company owns, owes is or is owed. It represents a specific point in time as opposed to a certain period
36
Q

What is UK GAAP?

Summary of Experience - Level 1 - Green

A
  • UK Generally Accepted Accounting Procedures is a set of accouting standards published by the Financial Reporting Council
  • All non-listed companies in the UK can choose between UK GAAP and IFRS
  • The set of standards is known as FRS 102 and the most recent version is 2022 but updated in 2023
37
Q

Other than UK GAAP, what reporting standard is there?

Summary of Experience - Level 1 - Green

A

IFRS

38
Q

Can you explain account audits?

Summary of Experience - Level 1 - Green

A
  • Audits are an official inspection of an organisations accounts by an independent body
  • They aim to establish whether or not a company’s accounts from a true representation and are compliant with standards
39
Q

When would a company require an audit?

Summary of Experience - Level 1 - Green

A
  • Most limited companies will require if they meet any two of the following criteria. This criteria is annual turnover no greater than £10.2m, balance sheet total must not be more than £5.1m and average employees must not be more than 50
  • Some companies, even if they meet an exemption, must have their accounts audited. These are companies involved in banking, public companies, an authorised insurance company
40
Q
A
41
Q

Explain Fixed Assets and Fixed Costs (overheads).

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42
Q

What is a cash flow statement?

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43
Q

What is difference between Gross and Net Profit?

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44
Q

What do you understand by profit and loss account?

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45
Q

What is a Balance Sheet?

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46
Q

Explain role of Auditor.

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47
Q

When is a P and L produced?

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48
Q

What does a P and L tell you?

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49
Q

What does a BS tell you?

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50
Q

What governs the production of accounts in the UK?

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51
Q

Do all firms have to produce accounts?

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52
Q

Why do you need a client account?

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53
Q

What does a P and L tell you about a firm’s liquidity/solvency?

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54
Q

What external sources are there in relation to determining a firm’s credit worthiness?

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55
Q

Why is a LLP used by professional firms?

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