AC 3.1 Explain The Role Of Agencies In Social Control Flashcards
what are 6 agencies involved in social control
judiciary
police
cps
charities
pressure groups
prison service
what’s the four aims of the police
keep the peace and maintain order, they have to have public cooperation for this
protect life and property
prevent, detect and investigate crime
bring offenders to justice
what’s 3 things about the philosophy of the police
to prevent crime and disorder; they need public corporation for this
physical force is the last resort for the police, they have to impartially serve the law
consent and respect the law just like regular citizens
what’s the name of the law which contains all of the police’s powers and what is it often shortened too
the police and criminal evidence act, PACE
what’s there ways the government are funded
central government grant
council tax
policing private events like football matches
what was the police’s budget in 2022/22 and how does this compare to 2012
$15.8 billion, since 2010 the budget has been cut by 20% causing them to loose around 20,000 officers
how many police forces are there in the UK
45
39 in england
4 in wales
1 in scotland
1 in northern ireland
what’s five typical day to day duties of the police
dealing with 999 emergency calls
arresting and viewing suspects
general patrolling
giving evidence in court
gathering evidence at a crime scene
what’s five specialist departments in the police
Police community support officers PCSOs
Fraud and drug squad
covert operations
anti terrorism
underwater search teams
what does a PCSO do
to provide a visible and reassuring presence on the street, paid workers but do not have the same powers as the police
what’s a PCC
police and crime commissioner
regionally elected said to be the voice of the people, the hold the police to account
what’s was the name of the law that established the CPS
prosecution of offences act
what’s 4 points about the philosophy around the CPS
introduced to deal with bias within court
independence and fair within their delivery of justice
honest and open
treating everybody equally and fairly with respect
what’s 5 aims of the CPS
1)advice the police on their investigations and evidence needed for a case
2)independently added rvrifrncr and review continuously
3)decide whether or not to prosecute and what charges are suitable
4)present the case in court
5)assists, informs and supports victims and prosecution witnesses
what’s 3 ways the CPS are funded
central government fund
can also be funded through costs awarded by the courts
can also be funded through costs awarded by the courts
can also be funded through recovering criminal assets e.g miney
have the CPS suffered cuts
yes, 2018 25% cut , 1/3 staff were last
what’s four duties of the CPS
-many are based in a police station and are also contactable 24/7 in an on call advice line called CPS direct
-advises the police on what evidence they need and what the most appropriate charge should be
-decide whether a car should be prosecuted by applying the full code test
-prepared cases for court hearings, collects evidence from the police too
what’s the evidential test
the first test that the CPS carry out, to see if evidence is admissible, reliable and credible
what 7 things does the public interest test look at
seriousness of the offence
culpability if the suspect
harm cause
age and maturity
impact on community
is prosecution proportionate
do sources of information require protection
what are the three key aims of the prison service
-protect the public from harm
-help people who’ve been convicted of offences to rehabilitate, so they can contribute positively to society
-hold prisoners securely and implement the sentences and orders of the courts
describe the philosophy and values of the prison service
‘preventing victims by changing the lives of offenders’
look after offenders with humanity and help them lead law abiding and useful lives while in custody and after release
what’s the cost of keeping an inmate in prison
between £30,000 and £40,000 per year
council of europe’s says it’s an average of £87 per day for england, this compared to an average of £72 per day for other countries in europe’s
who funds the prison service
paid for out of taxes
how much was the prison service funded in 2018
£3 billion, 16% lower than 2013 lead to cuts in staff by 15%
what are the categories in the prison system
categories A and D , A is the highest level of security, D is the lowest
what are four types of rehabilitation schemes that exist in a prison
educational - literacy and numeracy
vocational - painting and decorating, woodwork etc
behaviour - anger management
therapy - drugs and alcohol
what’s 3 featured around the philosophy and values of the probation service
-belief that offenders can change for the better and become responsible members of society
-belief in worth and dignity of an individual
-commitment to social justice, social inclusion, equality and diversity
what’s two main aims of the probation service
-supervise high risk offenders released into the community and provide support for victims of serious sexual or violent crime
-rehabilitative offenders, tackling causes of their offenders and less them turn their lives around
what happened in 2014 to the probation service
It was overstretched, so they started working with community. Rehabilitation companies dismissed that probation could deal with just the high risk offenders, and the CRC is deal with the law on medium risk.
Did the probation service working with committee, rehabilitation companies succeed?
It was a failure, and the probation service returned to the old system in 2020 with 300 million of additional funding from the government
what type of approach to the probation service tech in the work?
Multi agency approach
How is the probation service funded?
Through the national offender management service through taxation, and it is shared between the prison service on probation
what is three forms probation orders can take
Unpaid work, drug and alcohol treatment and residence (probation service manage approved premises)
how many people in the UK are on probation?
250,000
What are for working practices of the probation service?
-prepare presentence report for courts -manage approved premises for offenders, -assessing prisoners to prepare them for release
-Helping offenders serve sentences in the community.
What do the judiciary follow?
Guided to judicial conduct
what is five key features of the judiciary is philosophy and values
-Judicial independence such as being free from government interference.
-Priority is upholding societal, standard behaviour and morals
-integrity, such as being honest, and having strong morals
-and ensuring equal treatment
-Impartial, which means not choosing sides
What’s the names of the two oaths of judiciary take
oath of allegiance
judicial oath
What’s the main aim of the judiciary?
To interpret and apply the law to cases
hey, what is pay in the judiciary based on?
The advice of an independent body such as senior salaries, review body
how much did the most senior judge Lord chief justice was paid?
262,000
what is four things that a judge does as a part of their role
act as a referee or mediator between the defence and prosecution
Make decisions about the law and how it should be applied, which is also called statutory interpretation
Ensure that trials affair and human rights are complied against
Past sentence if I suspect was found guilty and some of evidence for the Juliette
why am I a solicitor or barrister not want to become a judge?
Because of the pair, a successful barista select start from the top them all up to 3 times the salary of a judge
why are charity set up?
Tell people I need
What’s three main objectives of the prison reform, trust
-reducing unnecessary imprisonment and promoting community solutions to crime, -improving treatment and conditions for prisoners in their families,
-promoting equality and human rights in the justice system
what is the prison reform trust
An independent UK charity work in to create adjust human and effective penal system. They hold the state to account for its treatment of vulnerable people in prison.
what is four working practices of the prison reform trust
-Enquiring into the workings of the system -working alongside the prison service -maintaining close links with the government departments, such as the Ministry of Justice and
-retaining its independence, as refunded by charity, not the
Where does the prison reform trust get its funding from and how much did it get ending 31st of March 2022
Grant, donations and legacy
£1.4 million
What’s out of trouble campaign
prison reform trust
A five-year campaign to reduce the number of children in prison and statistics show that they have a better chance of rehabilitation, if given a community sentence
What’s the out for good campaign?
prison reform trust
A campaign to help inmates to grow back into the community, which offers training and employment opportunities
describe the Howard league for penal reform
The oldest Pina a farm charity in the UK working for less crime sofa communities in few people in prison
What’s the two main aims of the Howard league for penal reform?
Justice and fairness in prison and reducing racism in the criminal justice system
What is two of the working practices of the howard league penal reform?
work with parliament and media with criminal justice system, students and members of the public
A recent program has focused on transferring prisons, reducing child arrests and promoting work in custody
how is the Howard league for penal reform funded?
Through voluntary donations from members and supporters
What’s a company that the Howard leave the penal reform has run?
Program to reduce child arrests. This was launched in 2010 because research shown that each contact a child has with the criminal justice system drag some deeper into it in 2019. There was 7 to 1885 child arrest, whict is 71% reduction for 2010.
What is a pressure group?
Groups are actively campaigned for change, express public opinion and transmit public demands and express public attitudes to issues. They don’t want power for themselves and said they want to influence those in power.
what is six working practices of pressure groups
-Posting leaflets through doors
-taking part in demonstrations or attending rallies
-organising petitions
-lobbying MPs or counsellors
-writing letters to politicians on newspapers -giving interviews which reported in the media
how to pressure groups achieve social control?
Buy pressure on the government to change aspects of society that are known to be associated with the causes of crime such as poverty
What is an example of a pressure group
UK youth
What do UK youth do?
Addressing the lack of investment in the sector, along with the lack of understanding on how do use works, there is a lack of access to eat services. Some young people can be marginalised in disenfranchised.
what is a program that uk youth offer and describe it
Programmes like reach up
Engages 16 to 25-year-olds are either NEET are at risk of becoming NEETD. Empower them with confidence, skills and experience to feel ready for the workplace.
how was UK Youth linked to social control and social bond theory
They help young people feel integrated into society the more integrated the more committed they are to value consensus so less likely to commit crime
What does NEET stand for?
Not in education or employment
