AC 2.2 Discuss The Aims Of Punishment Flashcards
what’s the 5 aims of punishment
retribution
reparation
rehabilitation
deterrence
public protection
what’s an annogram to remember the five aims of punishment
prosititutes really do rude vidoes regularly
what’s three key features of retribution
-involves paying the offender back or taking revenge against them, giving the offender their ‘just desserts’
-an example could be an eye from an eye through the death penalty
-it doesn’t try to alter behaviour, just punish past behaviour
what’s retribution also called
same as revenge
what does just desserts mean
justice in terms of fairness and proportionality to the crime that was committed
what’s two theories that can be applied to retribution
tight realism and functionalism
how does retribution link to right realism
punishes the offender at an appropriate level and is not interested in trying to look at the causes of crime
how does functionalism link to retribution
retribution expresses our disapproval of someone committing a crime which helps to provide boundary maintenance
what’s three key features of rehabilitation
-looks at why offenders commit crime and tries to stop this, using programmes to change behaviour
-this may involve education, training, drug or mental health treatments or anger management
-the idea behind rehabilitation is to show offenders as an honest way of earning a living
what’s another word for rehabilitation
reforming and changing offenders so that they no longer offend
what’s two theories that link to rehabilitation
individualistic
left realism
how does left realism link to rehabilitation
by addressing the reason why people commit crime such as unemployment and poverty , this will therefore lower the reoffending rate by
how does individualistic theories link to rehabilitation
behaviour modification schemes which reward good behaviour and punish bad behaviour, can be seen in token economies
allows inmates to have more freedom if they abide by the prison rules
what is deterrence
to stop someone from doing something such as by fear of punishment or being caught doing something bad
what’s two types of deterrence
individual deterrence
general deterrence
what’s individual deterrence
when we are punished it deters the offender, to convince the offender crime isn’t worth it such as being sent to prison is a bad experience so we are less likely to commit a crime again
what’s general deterrence
when we hear of someone’s punishment and it scares us to be law abiding, as we wish to avoid getting a similar punishment
what three theories link to deterrence
right realism
marxism
social learning theory
how does right realism link to deterrence
sees people acting rationally that weigh up the pros and cons, therefore severe punishments and a high chance of being caught will deter people
how does social learning theory link to deterrence
seeing other people commit crime and their consequences, will learn it’s bad behaviour so won’t repeat it
how does marxism link to deterrence
harsh punishments against the working class, is a form of deterrence as they are heavily policed to stop them rebelling against those in power
what’s three key features of public protection
-by putting an offender in prison it protects society
-there are various methods to protect the public, such as prison, electronic tagging and chemical castration
-a new type of prison sentence was created by the government in 2003 called IPP sentenced
what’s public protection
to protect the public from offending by incapacitating the offender
what’s two theories that link to public protection
right realism
biological theories
how does right realism link to public protection
issuing long prison sentences helps to protect society, reducing crime rates too
how does biological theories link to public protection
punishments such as the death penalty and chemical castration on sex offenders involve the physical alteration of the human body
what’s reparation
the offender making amends for their crimes; to a victim, society or as a whole or both
what’s one way reparation can be done
through restorative justice
what’s three key features of reparation
-involves the offender making amends for the crime that they have committed
- a good example would be restorative nut ice scheme
-this could involve financial compensation or actual repairs damage which has been caused
what’s two theories that link to reparation
labelling theory
left realismn
how does labelling theory link to reparation
restorative justice schemes allow the offender to show remorse and forgiveness which means that they are more likely to integrate back into society
how does left realism link to reparation
sees restorative justice programmes as a way of providing practical measures to reduce crime and produce long term change for a more equal society
