A.C 2.3 Booklet 2 Flashcards
How does imprisonment meet the aims of Punishment?
-An offender is locked up, being given minimum - maximum life sentences.
-They take a test to decipher education level.
-Can sometimes have calls home.
What are the two types of sentences?
Concurrent - Doing their highest sentence out of the many they have.
Consecutive - Recieves their sentences back-to-back.
How do Community Sentences meet the aims of Punishment?
-300hrs of unpaid work
-Having to keep to a curfew
-Travel restrictions
-May have to take rehab courses
-Undergo drug treatments
How do Financial Penalties meet the aims of Punishment?
-Often given for minor offenses such as minor theft, or minor driving
-Compensating the victim with money
-Ordered by the court, so it has to be paid or they’ll suffer the consequences.
How do Discharges meet the aims of Punishment?
-Released from Court without further action
-Still given a criminal record
-May involve a suspended sentence
Does Retribution meet the aims of Punishment?
Yes, as it can be demonstrated through mandatory life sentences. This leads to conditions for the rest of your life, which (if broken) lead to being returned to custody forever.
However, the length of a life sentence (17 years) isn’t proportional enough for the crime that was commited.
Examples of people under a full life order - Jeremy Bamber and Lucy Letby
Does Punishment meet the aims of Public Protection?
Yes, as whole life sentences lead to someone never leaving prison. This protects the public as they cannot commit crime.
However, reoffending rates (for non-life-orders) prove most will commit another crime when freed. In addition, the public is only protected while the offender is incapacitated.
What is an interdeterminate sentence?
You go into prison without the knowledge when you’ll be able to leave.
These were bad as suicide rates skyrocketed due to not knowing when they could leave, leading them being abolished.
Does Deterrence meet the aims of Punishment?
Yes, as suspended + custodial sentences have low reoffending rates and whole-life-orders prevent offenders from committing crime.
However, high reoffending rates suggest deterrence is not effective (58% low sentences, 38% overall). It also only works if offenders think rationally (which they usually don’t).
Does Rehabilitation meet the aims of Punishment?
Yes, as programmes are offender in prison such as: Purposeful activity, Mental Health, and Anger Management.
However, 38% reoffending rates exist (with 58% of them being reconvicted later). Examples such as Usman Kahn prove it’s ineffective as he offended 11 months later after being released.
Do Community Sentences meet the aims of Retribution?
Yes, as one method is curfews, which restrict offenders. A second is “naming and shaming”.
However, 1/3 of people in prison have done a community sentence, showing it isn’t effective.
Do Community Sentences meet the aims of Rehabilitation?
Yes, as people who have committed over 50 offences have been rehabilitated. However, 36% reoffend if the sentence is short.
However, short-term offences are ineffective as 63% of released offenders reoffend in under a year. This means they should have to work a high amount of unpaid labour.
Do Community Sentences meet the aims of Reparation?
Yes, as it includes paying back to the community through at max, 300hrs of unpaid work.
Do Community Sentences meet the aims of Public Protection?
A community may order someone to take rehab, which could protect the public if it is successful.
Do Fines meet the aims of retribution?
18% of indictable offences have received fines, making them suffer for the crime.
However, some people end up not paying fines which shows a lack of retribution. The unpaid amount is around £1.06 Billion.
Do Fines meet the aims of Deterrence?
People avoid committing crime so they don’t need to pay fines, so it meets the aims.
However, some people end up not paying fines which shows a lack of retribution. The unpaid amount is around £1.06 Billion.
Do Fines meet the aims of Reparation?
They pay back to the people who suffered from a crime being committed. Not all is being paid (£1.06 Billion), so full reparation isn’t being met.
Do Discharges meet the aims of Deterrence?
Yes, as an offender can be given:
Absolute Discharges - Punishment is the Court Process, which is enough. Makes them want to avoid crime, so they don’t go through it again.
Conditional Discharge - If they commit another crime, they’re charged for both. This motivates them to not commit crime.
Do Discharges meet the aims of Public Protection?
When on a conditional discharge, they are motivated to not commit crime. However, being free means they may just do it again. They are monitored by Parole which will recall them, if believed it’s needed.
Do Discharges meet the aims of Rehabilitation?
Conditional Discharges allow them to seek help as they’re still in the community. In addition, they may be required to go. However, if they do not want it, they won’t get it.
Do Discharges meet the aims of Retribution?
Conditional Discharges make the offender worry about re-offending through retrospective punishment. They may also be restricted, especially due to their criminal record that hurts their future. They may also lose their driving license.
The stress of being in Court can also be seem as punishment, and they may need to pay costs.
