A.C 2.1 Booklet 2 Flashcards
What is Social Control?
Strategies that prevent deviant behaviour and persuade people to conform to norms, laws and expectations.
What is Internal Social Control?
Forms of self-control that leads us to conform with society as we feel its the right thing to do.
What are Internal Social Control’s three factors?
Rational ideology, Tradition and Internalisation of Social Rules & Morality
What is rational ideology?
An individual’s guilt, anxiety and Conscience guides them to follow rules due to their social upbringing (socialisation).
E.G. Stealing a school pen, then returning it due to guilt.
What is Tradition (in terms of Internal Social Control)?
Someone’s religion or culture making them follow specific behaviours, which ensures they don’t break the law (via socialisation).
E.G. Muslims do not consume alcohol.
What is Internalisation of Social Rules & morality?
Knowing what is right or wrong based on social values we internalise during socialisation.
E.G. Not jumping in cue because no one else does.
What is External Social Control?
External pressures made to compel people to conform to the government’s rules.
What are External Social Control’s two factors?
Coercion, Fear of Punishment (Deterrents).
What is coercion?
The use of force to achieve a desired end via physical or non-physical means.
An example of this is the Police + Prison Services having the ability to restrict someone’s liberty under PACE (1984).
What is Fear of Punishment (Deterrents)?
Punishment being used as a threat to discourage offending. There are two types, individual and general.
What’s an individual deterrent?
Someone imposed on a singular offender to prevent them committing further crimes.
What’s a general deterrent?
Vicarious Reinforcement of seeing someone be punished for crime creates motivation to not copy their actions.
What is Social Bond Theory?
The belief delinquents act this way due to a weak hold onto society due to four factors:
Attachment: Pro-Social behaviour with peers, friends and parents.
Committment: Being committed to positive future goals.
Involvement: Taking part in social activities and belonging to a community.
Belief: The belief it is good to follow the law.
What is Containment Theory?
The combination of inner and outer containment influences us to do not do crime.
Inner - Positice influences from our upbringing (family).
Outer - Positive influences from social groups.
