AC 1.3 - Models of Criminal Justice

Question 1

Outline the Crime Control Model (4/5 points)

Answer 1

Viewed as a ‘Conveyer Belt’

• Ultimate focus is to reduce and prevent crime by way of prosecuting & punishing offenders
• The justice system must also protect and serve the public via crime reduction
• Much emphasis placed on facilitating criminal investigation, interrogation and the pursuit of offenders
• Less emphasis placed on suspect’s rights and there is an assumption that official protection of them only hampers police work

Question 2

List the Crime Control Procedures (3 points)

Answer 2

• Police Stop & Search powers
• Covert / electronic surveillance
• Increased custody powers (more than 24 hours)

Question 3

List the Crime Control sentences (3 points)

Answer 3

• Custodial / prison sentences
• Electronic tags / curfews
• ASBOs

Question 4

Outline the Due Process Model (2/3 points)

Answer 4

Viewed as an ’obstacle course’

• Emphasised the rights of the defendant through the presumption of innocence, rights to a fair trial and equality before the law
• Protection is given to the defendant’s rights to ensure the innocent are acquitted, and only the guilty are punished

Question 5

List the array of legislation that apply to the Due Process model (4 points)

Answer 5

• PACE (1984) - Right to remain silent
• Human Rights Act (1998)
• Criminal Justice Act (2003)
• Equality Act (2010)

Question 6

List how the Due Process model has influenced the court system (4/5 points)

Answer 6

Ensures a fair trial

• Jury selection / vetting (checks)
• Sentencing guidelines
• Pre-trial
• Free legal aid