AC 1.2 - Relationships in the Criminal Justice System Flashcards
1
Q
How does the Police work with the Government? (3 points)
A
- The MoJ gets the money for public services via taxes
- Government are responsible for creating laws and policies which determines the police’s power and what they must enforce
- Home Office regulate the police and often create new strategies to improve policing - e.g. PREVENT Programme
2
Q
How does the Police work with the CPS? (3 points)
A
- In severe and complex cases, the CPS determine the appropriate charge instead of the Police
- Police officers frequently use the CPS direct service - 24hr call centre with qualified solicitors
- The police gather evidence and pass it to the CPS who decide whether to prosecute using the Full Code test - Evidential and Public Interest tests
3
Q
How does the Police work with the Courts? (3 points)
A
- The Police must apply to the Magistrates court for certain powers - the Magistrates review the application and decide if powers are appropriate (e.g. search warrant)
- It’s fairly common for police to be called to court to give testimonies. Can be in both Magistrates and Crown court
- Magistrates may set bail conditions that require the police to enforce them (e.g. regular reports to police stations)
4
Q
How does the Police work with the NPS? (3 points)
A
- Police works with the probation service to help manage high-risk offenders in the community to protect the public
- Police may be called upon to assist if someone on probation reoffends. They will arrest and return the reoffender
- Probation services and other agencies, such as police, attend MAPPA meetings to assess and manage the risks posed by violent and sexual offenders
5
Q
How does the Police work with the HM Prison Service? (3 points)
A
- When serious crimes are committed in prison (e.g. murder) the police are invited into the prison to investigate
- If, while on probation, a prisoner breaks bail conditions - the police return them to prison
- In rare cases, when a prisoner escapes, the police work alongside the prison service to locate them
6
Q
How does the Police work with Charities & Campaigns? (3 points)
A
- Some charities aid investigations - e.g. Crime Stoppers and the NSPCC
- Other charities provide victim support for victims & witnesses - e.g. Victim Support
- There are also charities who provide support for police members directly, who have been impacted by their role - e.g. Police Care UK
7
Q
How does the CPS work with the Government? (3 points)
A
- Attorney General’s Office oversees all the actions the CPS makes and helps provide legal advice to the government
- The CPS is funded by the government - via taxes
- The Government created the CPS and gave them powers of prosecution under the Prosecution of Offences Act (1985)
8
Q
How does the CPS work with the Courts? (3 points)
A
- The CPS carry out the advocacy for hearings in either courts
- Pre-sentence reports help the judge decide an effective sentence. To write this - the CPS provides details of the case
- During pre-trial stage a Crown Prosecutor will apply to the court (e.g. evidence admissibility) which a Court Judge then makes rulings on based on their arguments
9
Q
How does the CPS work with the NPS? (3 points)
A
- The CPS may go to court for probation disputes to help decide whether the defendant should be granted probation
- The NPS must report back to the CPS about the offender’s progression during probation
- The probation service can also advise the CPS on the suitability of the offender for bail
10
Q
How does the CPS work with the HM Prison Service? (3 points)
A
- The CPS may need to enter prisons to do organised visits with the inmates to gain evidence. This will need to be planned with the HMPS
- When determining the charge, the CPS may recommend the sentence which the prison becomes responsible for carrying out
- Crime in Prison Referral Agreement - ensures all crime within prison is properly addressed & dealt with
11
Q
How does the CPS work with Charities & Campaigns? (3 points)
A
- The CPS work closely with MIND who provide them with training & resources for dealing with those suffering from mental health conditions
- The CPS often make their own campaigns such as #hatecrimematters to raise awareness
- They may also be affected by campaigns, such as Ann Ming’s campaign which meant the CPS could prosecute more offenders
12
Q
How do Courts work with the Government? (3 points)
A
- The MoJ works with courts to provide legal aid, administer justice, and provide detention or rehabilitation
- The government allows legislation to be used in courts as without such Laws and Acts of Parliament there would be no court
- The government selects Judges, as the Commission involves the King & Primeminister
13
Q
How do Courts work with the NPS? (3 points)
A
- Probation officers attend court & provide advice about any breaches
- The NPS may have to provide a report about offenders (pre-sentence), which is used by the court for guidance for sentencing
- Probation will supervise offenders on community orders and carry out any additional requirements (e.g. drug testing)
14
Q
How do Courts work with the HM Prison Service? (3 points)
A
- Prisons ensure offenders serve at least the minimum sentence set by the judge
- PS works with courts as prisoners must be brought to and from court for hearings
- The PS may need to produce the offender for a Court appearance by video link rather than in person
15
Q
How do Courts work with Charities & Campaigns? (3 points)
A
- Charities such as Catch 22 aim to provide support for young offenders and can supervise them through the court system
- There are a range of charities such as Victim support that aim to help victims and witnesses through the court process
- Support through Court is similar as it provides legal representation and advice
