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ABSITE - inflammation/immunology Flashcards

1
Q

action of IL-2

A

promotes T cell and activated B cell proliferation
stimulates cytokine production by T cells
increases NK cell cytotoxicity

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2
Q

IL-2 is produced by ___

A

Th1 cells

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3
Q

action of IL-4

A 
promotes B cell growth differentiation
promotes T cell differentiation into Th2
inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines
fibroblast proliferation
collagen synthesis
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4
Q

IL-4 is produced by ___

A

Th2 cells

monocytes/macrophages

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5
Q

action of IL-6

A

promotes B cell maturation and differentiation, tissue factor expression.
stimulates HPAA
induces hepatic acute phase proteins such as CRP , C3, amyloid A
produces fever

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6
Q

IL-6 is produced by ___

A 
monocytes
macrophages
Th2 cells
endothelial cells
enterocytes
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7
Q

action of IL-12

A

promotes differentiation of T cells into Th1 type

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8
Q

action of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)

A

increases amount of PMN’s.

stimulates monocytes to produce TNF

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9
Q

granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is produced by ___

A

endothelial cells
monocytes
bronchial epithelium

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10
Q

action of macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF)

A

stimulates TNF, IL-1b, and PGE2 production and TLR4 expression on macrophage and monocytes
inhibits apoptosis of monocytes and macrophage

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11
Q

macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) is released by ___

A

monocytes/macrophage during inflammatory response

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12
Q

action of IL-10

A

decreases production of IL-1, TNF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and GM-CSF by monocytes
increases expression of IL-1 receptor inhibitor by monocytes
decreases expression of INF-y and IL-2 by Th1 cells via inhibition of IL-12 production

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13
Q

action of IL-13

A

inhibit inflammatory response

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14
Q

Th0 cells -> Th1 cells is driven by ___

A

IL-12

IL-18

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15
Q

role of Th1 cells

A 
pro-inflammatory
direct cell mediated immunity
removal of intracellular pathogens
stimulate/activate macrophage
release INF-y and TNF-b (lymphotoxin)
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16
Q

Th0 cells -> Th2 cells is driven by ___

A

IL-4

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17
Q

role of Th2 cells

A 
anti-inflammatory
involved in atopy and allergic rxns
promote B cell growth/differentiation
produce IL-4, 10 and 13 (antiinflammatory)
produce IL-5, IL-6
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18
Q

Th0 cells -> Th17 cells is driven by ___

A

TGF-b + IL-6 or IL-23

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19
Q

role of Th17 cells

A

pro-inflammatory

produces IL-17A, TNF, IL-1

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20
Q

Th0 cells -> Th reg cells is driven by ___

A

TGF-b in absence of IL-6

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21
Q

role of Th reg cells

A

produces TGF-b and IL-10 (anti-inflammatory)

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22
Q

INF-y is produced by ___

A

Th1 cells
Tc cells
NK cells

23
Q

role of IFN-y

A 
activates monocytes and macrophages
upregulates IL-1, TNF, iNOS and NADPH oxidase, and IL-12 production
promotes Th0 differentiation -> Th1
inhibits Th0 differentiation -> Th2
decreases production of IL-4, IL-10
inhibit viral replication
24
Q

TNF-a is produced by ___

A

macrophages

25
role of TNF-a
increase CAMs induce coagulation, cachexia activate neutrophils, macrophages -> cytokine production, cell recruitment activate TF NF-kB initiate apoptosis via FAS cause myocardial depression, fever, hypothermia, tachycardia, increased CO, decrease SVR
26
IL-1 is produced by ___
macrophages endothelial cells keratinocytes fibroblasts
27
role of IL-1
synergistic with TNF-a increase TF NF-kB PGE2 mediated fever in hypothalamus (raises thermal set point) increases production of IL-6
28
role of C3a
anaphylatoxin induces histamine release from mast cells causes smooth muscle contraction stimulates chemotaxis
29
role of C5a
binds to neutrophils, macrophages | triggers intracellular signaling, chemotaxis, enzyme release, production of ROS
30
role of prostacyclin (PGI2)
vasodilation bronchodilation increase vascular permeability decrease platelet aggregation
31
role of prostaglandin E2
vasodilation bronchodilation increase vascular permeability inhibit platelets
32
role of prostaglandin D2
vasodilation bronchoconstriction increase vascular permeability inhibit platelets
33
role of leukotrienes
``` slow-reacting substances of anaphylaxis vasoconstriction bronchoconstriction increased vascular permeability promotes chemotaxis ```
34
role of prostaglandin F2
vasoconstriction
35
role of thromboxane A2
increase platelet aggregation | vasoconstriction
36
role of TGF-b
``` key component of tissue repair chemotactic activates PMNs, macrophages, fibroblasts angiogenesis epithelialization ```
37
role of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
``` similar to TGF-b chemotactic activates PMNs, macrophages, fibroblasts angiogenesis epithelialization chemotactic for smooth muscle cells ```
38
role of bradykinin
vasodilation increased vascular permeability pain contraction of pulmonary arterioles
39
role of endothelin
vascular smooth muscle constriction
40
platelet alpha granules contain
platelet factor 4 - aggregation beta-thrombomodulin - binds thrombin PDGF - chemoattractant TGF-b - tissue repair
41
platelet dense granules contain
serotonin adenosine calcium
42
type 1 hypersensitivity reaction mediated by
IgE eosinophils mast cells/basophils -> histamine, serotonin, bradykinin
43
ABO blood type incompatibility is a type ___ hypersensitivity reaction
2
44
serum sickness is a type ___ hypersensitivity
3
45
type 2 hypersensitivity is mediated by
IgG or IgM reacts with cell-bound antigen
46
bee sting is a type ___ hypersensitivity
1
47
contact dermatitis is a type ___ hypersensitivity
4
48
peanut allergy is a type ___ hypersensitivity
1
49
type 3 hypersensitivity is mediated by
immune complex deposition
50
type 4 hypersensitivity is mediated by
antigen stimulation of previously sensitized T cells (delayed type)
51
Graves' disease is a type ___ hypersensitivity
2
52
rheumatoid arthritis is a type ___ hypersensitivity
3
53
role of IL-8
attracts PMNs | promotes MMP expression
54
macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) is produced by
injured keratinocytes

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