ABSITE - GI hormones Flashcards
gastrin is produced in ___ (cell type, organ)
G cells
stomach antrum, duodenum
___ stimulate gastrin secretion
protein vagal input (acetylcholine) EtOH antral distension pH > 3.0
___ inhibit gastrin secretion
pH < 3.0
somatostatin
secretin
CCK
action of gastrin
enterochromaffin cells -> histamine -> parietal cells -> HCl, intrinsic factor
chief cells -> pepsinogen
increase gastric motility
somatostatin is produced in ___ (cell type, organ)
D cells
stomach antrum
small intestine
pancreas
___ stimulates somatostatin secretion
acid in duodenum
action of somatostatin
inhibits gastrin and HCl release
inhibits release of insulin, glucagon, secretin, CCK, GIP, VIP, motilin
decreases pancreatic and biliary output
slows gastric emptying
CCK is produced in ___ (cell type, organ)
I cells
duodenum
___ stimulate CCK secretion
protein, fat in duodenum
action of CCK
relaxation of sphincter of Oddi
gallbladder contraction
increased pancreatic acinar enzyme secretion
increased intestinal motility
secretin is produced in ___ (cell type, organ)
S cells
duodenum
___ stimulate secretin secretion
pH < 4.0
fat
bile
___ inhibit secretin secretion
pH > 4.0
gastrin
action of secretin
increased pancreatic ductal HCO3 secretion
increased bile flow
motilin is produced in ___ (cell type, organ)
M cells
duodenum
___ stimulate motilin secretion
acid in duodenum vagus input (acetylcholine) fasting/inter-digestive phase
___ inhibit motilin secretion
somatostatin
secretin
pancreatic polypeptide
fat in duodenum
action of motilin
increases antrum and duodenal motility
initiates phase III (peristalsis) of the MMC
glucagon is produced in ___ (cell type, organ)
alpha cells
pancreas
stomach
intestine
___ stimulate glucagon secretion
decreased serum glucose
increased serum amino acids
vagus input (acetylcholine)
catecholamines
___ inhibit glucagon secretion
increased serum glucose
insulin
somatostatin
action of glucagon
relax sphincter of Oddi glycogenolysis gluconeogenesis lipolysis ketogenesis proteolysis decrease gastric acid secretion decrease pancreatic secretion decrease intestinal motility decrease gastric motility decrease MMC
insulin is produced by ___ (cell type, organ)
beta cells
pancreas
___ stimulate insulin secretion
increased serum glucose
glucagon
protein ingestion
___ inhibit insulin secretion
somatostatin
action of insulin
cellular glucose uptake
protein synthesis
glycogen synthesis
fat synthesis
pancreatic polypeptide is produced in ___
islet cells
pancreas
action of pancreatic polypeptide
decreases pancreatic endocrine, exocrine function
peptide YY is produced in ___
terminal ileum
___ stimulate peptide YY secretion
fatty meal
action of peptide YY
decrease gastric emptying
decrease gastric acid secretion
decrease pancreatic function
inhibit gallbladder contraction
bombesin (gastrin-releasing peptide) is produced in ___
post-ganglionic fibers of vagus nerve
action of bombesin
increases gastric acid secretion
increases intestinal motility
increases pancreatic enzyme secretion
vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is produced in ___
intestine
pancreas
___ stimulate vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) secretion
fat
acetylcholine
action of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
increases intestinal secretion of water, electrolytes
increases intestinal motility
