ABO typing

Question 1

What % suspension are patient RBCs in ABO typing?

Answer 1

3-5%

Question 2

ABO Typing set up forward group vs reverse group

Answer 2

Forward group = Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-AB
Reverse group = A1 cells, B cells.

Question 3

ABO + Rh typing forward group tube set up (amounts + layout)

Answer 3

1.(Down)
Anti-A, B, AB = Add 1 drop into each tube.
Control Antiserums =
Anti-D1, Anti-D2, Rh Control
2. (Across)
Test cells = Add 1 drop to each tube.
Controls:
A1 cells, B cells, O cells = Add 1 drop to each tube.

= 6 tubes per cell.

Question 4

ABO typing reverse group tube set up (amounts + layout)

Answer 4

1. (Down)
   A1, B cells = 1 drop into each tube
2. Across
   Test serum = 2 drops into each tube
   No controls!

= 2 tubes per serum .

Question 5

What colour is Anti-A reagent?

Answer 5

Blue

Question 6

What colour is anti-B reagent?

Answer 6

Yellow

Question 7

What colour is Anti-AB reagent?

Answer 7

Clear

Question 8

What does reverse group test in ABO typing?

Answer 8

Tests what antibodies are in the plasma of patient.
Antibodies of what are NOT expressed on RBC e.g. A+ RBCs will have Anti- B in plasma.

Question 9

Universal donor of RBCs

Answer 9

Group O

Question 10

Universal receiver of RBCs

Answer 10

Group AB

Question 11

Universal donor of plasma

Answer 11

Group AB

Question 12

Universal recipient of plasma

Answer 12

Group O

Question 13

Principle of Gel technology

Answer 13

Sephadex gel matrix acts as a sieve
Large agglutinates remain near top of gel
Smaller agglutinates pass through gel.
Un-agglutinated cells pass to base of microtubule to form a button.
Positive result = Agglutination = red line at top of gel.
Negative result = No agglutination = red line at bottom of gel.

Question 14

ABO determination with Gel technique set-up (amounts + layout)

Answer 14

Forward group = A, B, DVI, DVI
1. Add 10uL of test Red cells into microtubules (first 4).
Reverse group = A1, B
2. Add 50uL of A1/B cells (0.8%) into microtubules (last 2)
3. Add 50uL of test Plasma into both microtubules.

Question 15

What suspension are red cells in ABO REVERSE typing?

Answer 15

0.8% suspension

Question 16

How much Anti-serum do you put in tubes in ABO typing?

Answer 16

1 drop

Question 17

How much test/control cells do you put in tubes in ABO typing?

Answer 17

1 drop
3-5% suspension

Question 18

How much plasma do you put in ABO reverse typing?

Answer 18

2 drops

Question 19

How much red cells do you put in ABO reverse typing?

Answer 19

1 drop
0.8% suspension

Question 20

ABO & Rh typing steps (tubes)

Answer 20

Forward group:
1. Add 1 drop of Anti-A/B/AB, Anti-D1/D2, Rh control to tubes.
2. Add 1 drop of test cells, A1/B/O control cells to tubes.
Reverse group:
1. Add 1 drop A1/ B cells to tubes.
2. Add 2 drops test plasma to tubes.

3. Incubate 5-10 minutes at room temp.
4. Centrifuge at P2 (2000rpm/30s).
5. Record results

Question 21

Anti-D1 reagent name

Answer 21

RUM-1

Question 22

Anti-D2 reagent name

Answer 22

MS-2

Question 23

Rh control results

Answer 23

Should always be NEGATIVE
(Contains no antibodies).

Question 24

ABO/Rh typing using gel steps

Answer 24

1. Label ID card with donor details.
2. Add 10uL of patient RBCs (3-5%) to forward group (A/B/D1/D2) .
3. Add 50uL of A1/B cells (0.8%) to reverse group (A1/B)
4. Add 50uL of patient plasma to reverse group tubules.
5. Incubate for 10mins at room temp.
6. Centrifuge for 10mins in ID-Centrifuge.