ABO Typing Flashcards
Using antisera to detect antigen on patient’s RBCs
Forward/Direct/Front/Cell Typing
Anti-A antisera color
Trypan Blue (Blue)
Anti-B antisera color
Acriflavin Yellow (Yellow)
Number of drops and type of typing sera used in ABO typing
2 drops; monoclonal IgM
Preservative for specimen in ABO typing
Formalin/Sodium azide
Ensures reactivity of antisera
Positive control
Ensures the specificity of antisera
Negative control
Accepted % of red cell suspension
2-5%
ABO typing in tubes are centrifuged at what time
20 seconds
Expected reaction of forward typing
3+ to 4+
Specimen for forward typing
Whole blood/2-5% RCS
Using reagent RBCs to detect ABO antibodies in patient’s serum
Reverse/Indirect/Back/Serum typing
Using reagent RBCs to detect ABO antibodies in patient’s serum
Reverse/Indirect/Back/Serum Typing
Expected reaction of reverse typing
2+ to 4+
Specimen of reverse typing
Patient serum
RBCs
Ag present: A
Anti-A (+)
Anti-B (0)
Anti-A,B (+)
A blood type
RBCs
Ag present: B
Anti-A (0)
Anti-B (+)
Anti-A,B (+)
B blood type
RBCs
Ag present: A, B
Anti-A (+)
Anti-B (+)
Anti-A,B (+)
AB blood type
RBCs
Ag present: None
Anti-A (0)
Anti-B (0)
Anti-A,B (0)
O blood type
Serum
Ab present: Anti-B
A cells (0)
B cells (+)
A blood type
Serum
Ab present: Anti-A
A cells (+)
B cells (0)
B blood type
Serum
Ab present: None
A cells (0)
B cells (0)
AB blood type
Serum
Ab present: Anti-A, B, AB
A cells (+)
B cells (+)
O blood type
A blood type
Recepient:
Donor:
Recepient: A, O
Donor: A, AB
B blood type
Recepient:
Donor:
Recipient: B, O
Donor: B, AB
AB blood type
Recepient:
Donor:
Recepient: A, B, AB, O
Donor: AB
O blood type
Recepient:
Donor:
Recipient: O
Donor: A, B, AB, O
Universal RBC donor
O
Universal plasma donor
AB
Universal RBC recipient
AB
Universal plasma recipient
O
Harmening:
One solid agglutinate
4+
Harmening:
Several large agglutinates, clear background
3+
Harmening:
Medium agglutinates, clear background
2+
Harmening:
Small agglutinates, turbid background
1+
Harmening:
Tiny agglutinates, turbid background
W+
Harmening:
No agglutination or hemolysis
0
Henry:
Hemolysis
Grade: H
Score: 10
Henry:
One solid agglutinate
Grade: 4+
Score: 10
Henry:
Several medium to large agglutinates
Grade: 3+
Score: 8
Henry:
Many small to medium agglutinates, clear background
Grade: 2+
Score: 5
Henry:
Many small agglutinates, turbid background
Grade: 1+
Score: 3
Henry:
Few small agglutinates with many unagglutinated cells
Grade: +/W
Score: 2
Henry:
Aggregates visible only under a microscope
Grade: +/-m /+m
Score: 1
Henry:
No agglutination or hemolysis
Grade: 0
Score: 0
Presence of minor population of agglutinated cells superimposed on a negative background
Mixed-field agglutination
Nonspecific aggregation like stack of coins; pseudoagglutination
Roleaux formation
