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Immunohematology > ABO Typing > Flashcards

ABO Typing Flashcards

1
Q

Who discovered the ABO?

A

Karl Landsteiner -1901

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2
Q

AB Ag is discovered by__________-

A

Adriano sturli and Von decastello

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3
Q

This is the most important blood group system

A

ABO Blood Group

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4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Small amount of incompatible blood does not result to ITHR

A

FALSE

Even 0.1ml of ABO incompatible blood result to IHTR

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5
Q

The ABO gene is found in what chromosome?

A

Chromosome 9 (long arm) = 9q

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6
Q

What is the ISBT no. of ABO?

A

001

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7
Q

Who described the inheritance of ABO?

A

Bernstein

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

ABO gene is inherited from each parent

A

TRUE

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9
Q

In direct/foward grouping, what is the principle used?

A

Direct Agglutination/Hemeagglutination

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10
Q

What is being detected in Px’s sample in forward/direct typing?

A

Ag

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11
Q

What is the reagent used in forward/direct typing?

A

Known Anti-sera (Ab)

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12
Q

What is the specimen used in direct/forward typing?

A

Px’s RCS

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13
Q

What reagent is used to detect Weak A, B?

A

Anti-A,B

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14
Q

What is the technique used to produce monoclonal Abs?

A

Hybridoma Technology

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15
Q

What is the color of Anti-A?

A

Blue = asul

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16
Q

What is the color of Anti-B?

A

Yellow = banana

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17
Q

To produce larger agglutination, what monoclonal antibody is used?

A

IgM

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18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Known antisera are commercially produced and can be produced in the lab

A

TRUE

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19
Q

In the direct/forward typing, if the Px has Anti-B, the Px’s blood type is ___________

A

A

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20
Q

In the direct/forward typing, if the Px has A Ag, the Px’s blood type will agglutinate in ___________

A

Anti-A and Anti-AB

21
Q

In the direct/forward typing, if the Px has AB Ag, the Px’s blood type will agglutinate in ___________

A

Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-AB

22
Q

What is being detected in backward/indirect/reverse typing?

A

Antibodies

23
Q

What is the reagent used in backward typing?

A

Known red cells

24
Q

What is the specimen used in backward typing?

A

Serum

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Plasma specimen can be used because it has fibrinogen

A

FALSE

It can cause formation of fibrin clots leading to false + results

26
Q

Known O cells is used in backward typing because _____________

A

it is used to detect Bombay phenotype, and cold Ab/agglutinins

27
Q

In backward/indirect typing, if the Px has Anti-B, it will agglutinate in __________________

A

Known B, and AB

28
Q

In backward/indirect typing, if the Px has Anti-A, it will agglutinate in __________________

A

Known A, and known AB

29
Q

In backward/indirect typing, if the Px has Anti A, Anti-B, Anti-AB it will agglutinate in __________________

A

Known A, B, and AB

30
Q

In backward/indirect typing, if the Px has no Abs, it will agglutinate in __________________

A

Known O

31
Q

Among asians, the most common blood type is _________

A

Type O

32
Q

What is the universal donor for red cell?

A

Type O

33
Q

What is the universal donor of plasma?

A

Type AB

34
Q

What is the universal recipient of plasma?

A

Type O

35
Q

What is the universal recipient of red cell?

A

Type AB

36
Q

packed RBC is transfused if the Px ___________

A

has low Hgb or Hct

37
Q

If Px has hypovolemia or DEC level of plasma, transfuse _____________

A

plasma

38
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

ABO Abs are detectable immediately at birth

A

FALSE - it is produced 37th day of life or 5-6weeks

39
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

ABO Abs are naturally occuring.It does not need piror exposure to be stimulated

A

TRUE

40
Q

Which immunoglobulin can cross the placenta and could cause HDN?

A

IgG

41
Q

What is the chemical reagents used for adsorption?

A

chloroquine diphosphate

42
Q

What is the chemical reagents used for elution?

A

chloroquine diphosphate, digitonin acid, and heat

43
Q

Define adsorption

A

It is the process of removing Abs in the Px’s serum using known red cell

44
Q

Define elution

A

It is the process of dissociating the Ab in RBC surface

45
Q

If a baby had HDN, the baby appears ___________

A

jaundice

46
Q

What is the typing used for newborn and geriatrics?

A

Forward typing

47
Q

What sample is used for the detection of ABO Ags in newborn?

A

cord blood through cordocentesis and percutaneous umbillical blood sampling

48
Q

ABO Ags peaks at what age?

A

2-4yrs old

49
Q

what substance is important for ABH Ag in red cell?

A

Type 2 precursor substance/ Paragloboside/ Oligosaccharide chain

Immunohematology (7 decks)

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