ABO grouping Flashcards
discovered the ABO grouping
Dr. Karl Landsteiner
ABO inheritance follows __ genetics
mendelian genetics
ABO gene is located on what chromosome and consist of __ exons
chromosome 9 (7 exons)
O gene is considered an __ and is an autosomal recessive trait
amorph
formation of ABH antigen develops at?
second month of fetal life
ABO, Hh, Se genes code for the production of ___ that adds sugar to the precursor
glucosyltransferase
precursor substance of ABH
glycan/paragloboside
RBC ABO antigens are constructed from what precursor
type 2
H gene is located at chromosome?
chromosome 19
rare, doesnt have H antigen
also called bombay phenotype
hh
H gene codes for ___ that adds sugar fucose to the terminal galactose type 2
1,2 fucosyl transferase
Se gene codes for ___ that adds sugar fucose to the terminal galactose type 1
1, 2 fucosyl transferase (FUT2)
A gene codes for ___ which joins the sugar __ to the terminal galactose of an H antigen
1, 3 N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine
B gene codes for __ which adds galactose of the terminal galactose of an H antigen
1,3 galactosyl transferase
group O01 results from what type of polymorphism
single deletion
group O results form?
mutation in A or B gene
rbc membrane proteins carry over __ A B or H antigens mostly foun on the major integral protein __
2x10^6 major intergal membrane protein 3
blood group found usually in africans, americans, and asians
group B (20% black 11% white)
most common blood group found in asians
group A and O (40-45% whites 50% blcks)
rarest blood group
AB
basic antigenic material of ABO and is found in greatest concentration on the RBCS of O individuals
H antigen
what antiserum does H antigen can be detected?
Ulex europeus
ABH antigens are found in secretions of people with the __ phenotype
Se or FUT2 gene
secretes A, B, H antigen in saliva, sweat, urine
SeSe or Sese
non-secretor genes
sese
determination for secretor genes
ABH test on saliva
bombay phenotype is the inheritance of hh gene therefore no __
H susbstance
RBCs does not react with anti-H lectin
bombay is first reported by __ in 1952
Dr. Bhende
what does it mean by bombay?
can inherit A or B genes but has no H substance, therefore no ABH antigens
bombay was caused by a mutation in what gene
FUT1 gene
FUT1 gene produces what gene
silenced gene
bombay serum contains anti-?
anti-A, anti-B, anti-AB
an igM that reacts at 37C
anti-H
Pphenotypes where rbcs completely lack H antigens or have only small amounts of H antigen present
para-bombay phenotypes
what phenotype? anti-H produced is weaker but still reactive at 37C
para-bombay
inheritance of A1 gene elicits production of high concentration of?
3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
A1 creates about ___ antigen sites on adult RBC
810 000 - 1 170 000
A2 results from what mutation
single base substituion
reagent used to differentiate A1 and A2
dolichos biflorus
ABO antibodies develops at __ and peaks at __
develops at 3-6 months after birth
peaks at 5-10
cold antibody also present in plants and other animals or lectins
ABO antibodies
anti-__ created by group O individuals
anti-AB
anti-__ an autoantibody
anti-H
