Abnormal Psych

Question 1

Schizophrenia

Answer 1

at least two active phase symptoms for at least one month with one symptom being delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech.
Males have an earlier onset.
Concordance: identical twins (48%), fraternal twins (17%)
Dopamine hypothesis: oversenstive dopamine receptors
First generaion antipsychotics (haloperidol) can eliminate positive symptoms but cause tardive dyskinesia
Atypical (2nd gen) antipsychotics can address both positive and negative sympoms and are less likely to result in TD.
High levels of Expressed Emotion can increase relapse rate.

Question 2

Schizophreniform disorder

Answer 2

disturbance is present for at least one month but less than 6 motnhs. 2/3 go on to develop schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Question 3

Schizoaffective

Answer 3

psychosis in absence of mood disorder for at least 2 weeks.

Question 4

Depression

Answer 4

presence of at least 5 symptoms every day for 2 weeks with one symptom being depressed moodm loss of interest or pleasure.
60% have comorbid anxiety
3x more common among 18-29 yo vs. 60+
tendency to attribute negative events to internal, stable, and global factors
Beck depressive cognitive triad: negative, illogical self-statements about oneself, the world, and the future.

Question 5

Suicide

Answer 5

60% of people who committ suicide have a MH dx at time of death.
4x completion rate for men
more attempts for women.
Whites have highest rates except for indians aged 15-34
60-80% of those who commit suicide have a prior attempt
Hopelessness plus socially prescribed perfectionism leads to higher rates of suicide and depression.