Abilities Flashcards
One of our driving influences on understanding abilities and predicting future success is …
recruiting for sports
What is an ability?
- a fundamental characteristic that tends to underlie particular skills
- is largely inherited genetically and is not modifiable by practice
Name 4 differences between abilities and skills.
- abilities are inherited traits, skills are developed with practice
- abilities are stable and enduring, skills are easily modified with practice
- abilities are numbered at maybe 50, skills are essentially countless in number
- each ability underlies many different skills, each skill depends on several abilities
How can predictions help?
- can help direct a novice into a sport they can excel in
- Focus training individuals that have potential to meet criteria for excellence (cost and time savings)
- Olympic training and selection procedures of many countries
Attempts at predictions involve these components:
- Understanding/ Identifying the abilities that underlie the criterion task (skill)
- Estimating the strength of these abilities in applicant/ performer
- Estimating the potential (future) skill level based on present information about the applicant’s abilities.
What is the general motor ability hypothesis?
- A person with strong general motor ability should be good at all motor tasks.
- held that all motor performances are based on a single ability called general motor ability.
- outdated view
- incorrect
A skill has …
several contributing fundamental motor abilities.
Abilities can…
play dominant and weak roles in a skill.
2 different skills will have different ….
patterns of underlying abilities
2 different skills can have …
few abilities in common.
How is there a way that General Motor Ability Hypothesis does make some sense?
- Correlations of abilities to skills are not high BUT they are not ZERO
- superability
What is superability?
the slight advantage a person may have with a strong ability
Patterns of ability change with _______.
practice
Although an individual might have the proper ______ for
novice performance, this often is not the proper _____ required for expert performance.
- abilities
- pattern of abilities
Selecting people because they are good as novices will…
capture only a part of the job of prediction
Most knowledge about abilities is based on …
relatively novice-level performances
Why is predicting high-level performance difficult?
little is known about the abilities that underlie very high-level performances
How effective is skill prediction?
Generally, not very effective in motor behavior
Why is skill prediction not very effective in motor behaviour?
- Underlying abilities in motor performances have not been studied systematically and are not well understood.
- The number of underlying abilities is probably large, requiring that many abilities be measured.
- Pattern of relevant abilities shifts with practice and experience, making prediction of expert performances difficult.
Both NFL and NHL combine test showed that…
they could find no consistent statistical relationship between the tests and performance with the exception of sprinting tests for running backs
What is deliberate play?
develops tools/skills early on that seem to transfer to elite performance later on
When does the Leadership Summit 2013 “Identifying and Developing Athletes” recommend to specialize?
15 years old
