ABI - Review Flashcards
ACA - Areas affected
SMA
M1
S1
Portion of Broca
aCC
mPFC
dlPFC
vmPFC
vlPFC
MCA - Areas affected
M1
S1
PMC
Wernicke
Broca
psPC
piPC
TP
PCA - Areas affected
V1,2,3
Frontal Lobe - Areas Affected
M1, SMA, PMC, PFC, Broca
Parietal Lobe - Areas Affected
psPC, piPC, S1
Temporal Lobe - Areas Affected
TP, A1, Wernicke
Occipital Lobe - Areas Affected
V1,2,3
SMA
Short term procedural memory
Spatial navigation
M1
UMNS, Spasticity (ACA-LL) (MCA-UL), Losing motor control not strength, balance impaired.
S1
Hypoesthesia, paraesthesia, anaesthesia, lesser sensation (ACA-LL, MCA-UL). Proprioception deficit, use it alot for spatial orientation, can be affected too.
aCC
Attention, decision making. Increased cognitive load in tasks.
Can’t inhibit AM -> anxiety, everything is a threat. Fear extinction: never letting go of the fear -> FoF.
mPFC
Memory and reasoning, planning.
dmPFC: working memory and it’s relation to emotional modulation
dlPFC
Right: behavior strategy, behavior issues, frustrates easily.
Left: difficulty to develop, find and perform motor strategies.
vmPFC
OFC
Social behavior, identity of patient.
Behavioral issues, issues with how to adapt in life.
Fear extinction: cannot overcome the fear.
vlPFC
Adaptive behavior, behavioral issiues.
PMC
Long term procedural memory. Lose ability to do complex tasks (motor procedures, memory consolidation takes longer).
Wernicke
Speech understanding deficit
Broca
Speech production deficit
psPC/piPC
Spatial orientation, creating a mental pic of activity. Balance deficit. Sends info to SMA -> spatial navigation deficit.
TP
Left: Communication. B+A1+TP=aphasia.
Right: perception of environment and self. Prospection (anticipating). TP+psPC/piPC+THA=neglect.
V1,2,3
Hemianopia (loss of one half of visual field)
UL special considerations and red flags
• Shoulder luxation/sub-luxation: concerns for positioning and transfer
• Loss of mobility and shoulder-hand syndrome related to positioning and non-use
• Increase of muscle tone by repetitive movement against resistance in patients with spasticity (repetitive movements, speed (velocity), pain, cognitive load, fatigue, resistance)
• Reduced activity and immobility
LL special considerations and red flags
• Loss of postural control due to the inappropriate use (or the non- use) of necessary key points of control
• Insufficient offer of support possibilities for patients with low postural control and/or endurance
• Lack of provided support during activities, based on patient’s subjective rating of function
• Inappropriate footwear and/or excessively challenging environment
• Complexity of the activities (standing or gait) for patients with severe cognitive impairment
