ABGs

Question 1

what are some possible causes of respiratory acidosis

Answer 1

medication that suppress the respiratory center of CNS
asphyxia
hypoventilation due to pulmonary , cardiac , MSK or neuromuscular disease

Question 2

in respiratory acidosis there is excess ____ retention

Answer 2

CO2

Question 3

what are 6 signs and symptoms of respiratory acidosis

Answer 3

◼ diaphoresis (sweating)
◼ headache
◼ tachycardia (fast heart rate)
◼ confusion
◼ restlessness
◼ apprehension

Question 4

what are 3 possible causes of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 4

hyperventilation due to anxiety , pain or improper ventilator setting

respiration stimulation from meds, disease , hypoxia, fever or high room temp

gram negative bacteremia

Question 5

in respiratory alkalosis there is excess CO2 ____

Answer 5

excretion

Question 6

what are 6 signs and symptoms of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 6

◼ rapid, deep breathing
◼ parasthesia
◼ light-headedness
◼ twitching
◼ anxiety
◼ fear

Question 7

what are 2/4 possible casues of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 7

excessive excretion of acids due to rental disease

loss of hydrochloric acid from prolonged vomiting or gastric suctioning (causes PH to increase)

Question 8

what are the 4/4 possible causes a of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 8

decreased plasma potassium levels (can also lead to arrhythmias)

excessive alkali ingestion

Question 9

in metabolic alkalosis there is HCO3 ____

Answer 9

retention (high base )

Question 10

what are 9 signs and symptoms of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 10

◼ slow, shallow breathing
◼ confusion
◼ hypertonic muscles
◼ twitching
◼ restlessness, irritability
◼ apathy
◼ tetany
◼ coma (if severe)
◼ seizure

Question 11

what are 2/4 possible causes of metabolic acidosis

Answer 11

HCO3 depletion due to chronic kidney disease , diarrhea or small bowel fistulas

excessive production of organic acids due to hepatic disease

Question 12

what are 4/4 possible causes of metabolic acidosis

Answer 12

endocrine disorders including diabetes mellitus , hypoxia , shock and drug intoxication

hyperkalemia (increase of potassium)

Question 13

what is the main finding in metabolic acidosis ?

Answer 13

bicarbonate loss

Question 14

what are the 9 signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis

Answer 14

◼ rapid, deep breathing
◼ fatigue
◼ fruity breath
◼ headache
◼ drowsiness
◼ lethargy
◼ nausea
◼ vomiting
◼ coma (if severe)

Question 15

◼ Asthma
◼ Emphysema (COPD)
◼ Chronic Bronchitis (COPD)
◼ Bronchiolitis (infants)
◼ Bronchiectasis
◼ Cystic fibrosis

are all example of what

Answer 15

obstructive disorders