ABG Values Flashcards
Normal blood ph
7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2
35-45 mmHg
Normal PaO2
80-100 mmHg
Normal HCO3-
22-26 mEq/L
Hypercapnia
PaCo2 > 45 mmHg
Hypocapnia
PaCO2 < 35 mmHg
Hypoxemia
PaO2 < 80 mmHg
Mild hypoxemia
PaO2 60-79 mmHg
Moderate hypoxemia
PaO2 40-59 mmHg
Severe hypoxemia
PaO2 < 40 mmHg
Hypoxia definition
Low level of O2 in the TISSUE despite adequate perfusion
.If you see PaCO2 > 45 mmHg and pH < 7.40
Respiratory Acidosis
If you see PaCO2 > 45 mmHg and pH > 7.40
Retention of CO2 to compensate for metabolic acidosis
If you see PaCO2 <35 mmHg and pH >7.40
Respiratory Alkalosis
If you see PaCO2 < 35 mmHg and pH < 7.40
Elemintation of CO2 to compensate for metbolic acidosis
HCO3 - < 22 mmHg and pH < 7.40
Metabolic Acidosis
HCO3- > 26 mmHg and pH > 7.40
Metabolic Alkalosis
Signs/Sx of Respiratory Acidosis
HA, anxiety/restlessness, blurred vision, confusion
Signs/sx of Respiratory Alkalosis
Caused by Hyperventilation** dizziness bloating feeling lightheaded numbness or muscle spasms in the hands and feet discomfort in the chest area confusion dry mouth tingling in the arms heart palpitations feeling short of breath
Signs/sx of Metabolic Acidosis
rapid and shallow breathing, confusion, fatigue. headache, sleepiness, lack of appetite, jaundice, increased heart rate
Signs/sx of Metabolic Alkalosis
Confusion (can progress to stupor or coma)
Hand tremor
Lightheadedness
Muscle twitching
Nausea, vomiting
Numbness or tingling in the face, hands, or feet.
Prolonged muscle spasms (tetany)
Purpose of ABG procedure
To evaluate blood pH, ventilation (CO2), and blood oxygenation (O2)
