ABG interpretations Flashcards
1
Q
Shift to the left
A
Increasing Hbg affinity for oxygen
2
Q
Shift to the right
A
Decreasing Hgb affinity for oxygen
3
Q
Carboxyhemoglobin
A
- hgb has as 200-250x greater affinity for CO2 than O2
- Shift to the left
- cherry red lips
4
Q
Methomeglobin
A
- Oxidized hgb molecules
- shift to the left
- reddish brown blood, cyanosis (blue people)
Management: methylene blue
5
Q
Fetal hemolgobin
A
- Two beta chains are absent and two gamma chains are present
- Shift to the left
- Spontaneous resolution
6
Q
Hypoxemia Hypoxia
A
- pO2 supply is deficient
- ex. pneumothorax, high altitudes
7
Q
Anemic Hypoxia
A
- Decreased oxygen carrying capacity deficient hbg
- decreased hbg = anemia
- decreased ability to bind = carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobinemia
8
Q
Circulatory Hypoxia
A
- Stagnant (cardiogenic)
- arterial-venous shunting ( septic shock)
9
Q
Histotoxic Hypoxia
A
- Inability of the tissue to use oxygen, cell death
- cyanide poisoning - sodium nitroprusside toxicity
10
Q
pH
A
< 7.35 = acidosis
>7.45 = alkalosis
11
Q
pCO2
A
<35 = low >45 = high
12
Q
HCO3
A
<22 = low >26 = high
13
Q
R.O.M.E
A
- Respiratory (PCO2) = opposite direction than pH
- Metabolic (HCO3) = equal/same direction to pH
14
Q
Respiratory acidosis
A
Chlorine inhalation injury, asthma, pneumonia
15
Q
Respiratory alkalosis
A
Hyperventilation, anxiety
16
Q
Metabolic acidosis
A
Acid gain, anion gap-shift in electrolytes (Na+, Cl-, HCO3-)
17
Q
MUD PILE CATS
A
M: menthol, metformin U: Uremia D: DKA P: paraldehyde, pregnancy I: isoniazid and iron L: lactic acidosis E: ethylene glycol C: carbamazepine A: alcoholic ketoacidosis T: Theophylline S: salicylates, starvation ketoacidosis
18
Q
Metabolic Alkalosis
A
Acid loss, Bicarb gain, tx: saline responsiveness
