A&P Flashcards
Phospholipid-based substance that prevents collapse of the alveoli
Surfactant
Only fissure present in the left lung
Oblique Fissure
Occurs when there is a failure of LaPlace’s Law within the alveoli
Atelectasis
Primary unit of respiration
Acinus
Most common means by which carbon dioxide is transported from the cells back to the alveoli
Bicarbonate Ions
A physiologic response that occurs when the body is suddenly submerged in very cold water
Apnea
Vertical indentation of the lung where the bronchi and vasculature enter the parenchyma
Hilus
A defense mechanism of the pulmonary tree consisting of surface goblet cells, cilia, submucosal glands, and blood supply
Mucociliary Escalator
Tissue the innervates the diaphragm
Phrenic Nerves
Physics principle in which a decrease in oxygen tension (pressure) results in an increase in the volume
Boyles Law
Physiologic concept that controls the depth of inspirations
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Most common means by which oxygen is transported to the cells
Oxyhemoglobin
Type of cell comprised of type III alveolar cells
Macrophages
Another name for Adam’s apple
Thyroid Cartilage
Response initiated by baroreceptors when there is a decrease in systemic blood pressure
Hyperventilation
Aortic body chemoreceptor afferent nerves run into this major nerve
Vagus Nerve
Ion primarily responsible for stimulation of chemoreceptors
Hydrogen
Elastic connective tissue that makes up the bulk of the lung parenchyma
Stroma
Tidal volume x breaths per minute
Minute Ventilation
Portion of the brain that causes an increase in respiratory rate and depth in response to anxiety or activity
Limbic System
Only complete ring of cartilage within the larynx
Cricoid Cartilage
Comprised of anatomical dead space and alveolar dead space
Total Dead Space
Physics principle in which gas in contact with liquid will dissolve in the solution proportionate to its partial pressure
Henrys Law
Commonly abused substance that paralyzes the cilia
Nicotine
Physics principle in which to total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures
Daltons Law
Accounts for 20% of the way in which carbon dioxide is transported from the cells to the alveoli
Carbaminohemoglobin
Minute openings within the alveolar walls that allow for gas exchange
Pores of Kohn
Location of the center that controls the basic rhythm of respiration
Medulla
Muscles responsible for lifting the superior two ribs to increase thoracic cavity size
Scalenes
Bifurcation at the terminal end of the trachea
Carina
