Abdominal Wall Defects

Question 0

Gastroschisis

Answer 0

Free floating bowel in amniotic fluid
CI to the left of defect
No membrane
Dec AC
Not assoc to anything 
Good prognosis

Inc MSAFP!!

Question 1

Omphalocele

Answer 1

Abdominal wall defect in midline
Continuous with umb cord
Surrounded by membrane. 
Ascites, polyhydramnios, dec AC
Liver involved. 
Inc MSAFP or norm 
50% assoc with anomalies & aneuploidy 
100% mortality if with aneuploidy

Question 2

Ectopia Cordis

Answer 2

Defect lower sternum and abd wall
❤️ protrudes into extrathiracic sac
Beating ❤️through ant abd wall
Lethal

Question 3

Bladder Extrophy

Answer 3

Defect of Lower abd wall and ant bld

• fluid filled intrapelvic bladder with extra pelvic mass
• no fluid filled bladder

Assoc: incontinence, male infertility, uterine prolapse, bld cancer

Cloacal Extrophy : bigger

Question 4

Amniotic Band Syndrome / ADAM complex / amniotic deformities adhesions mutilation

Answer 4

Range of malformations
Bands stick and entangle fetus
Assoc anomalies

Assoc with amniocentesis, IUD, trauma

Limbs: amputation, Clubfoot, edema
Cranium: encephalocele, anencephaly
Face: cleft, asymmetry, micropthalmos
Thorax: rib cleft
Spine: scoliosis
Abd wall: Gastroschisis, omphalocele, bld Extrophy
Perineum: ambiguous genitalia, imperforate anus

Question 5

Limb Body Wall Complex / Short Umbilical Cord Syndrome / Body Stalk Anomaly

Answer 5

Fail of closure of ventral body wall

Short/absent umbilical cord
Severe scoliosis
Disruption of lateral body wall, spine, limbs, face, cranium

Lethal