Abdominal viscera: liver, pancreas and spleen Flashcards
Is the spleen a foregut derivative?
No, it is a mesoderm derivative but shares the foregut blood supply
In the embryo, how does the stomach rotate to form the lesser sac?
The stomach rotates 90° to the right and 90° clockwise to form the lesser sac
Which mesentery does the liver grow in?
The liver grows in the ventral mesentery and eventually grows out of the top of it
What does the falciform ligament contain in the embryo and the adult?
Embryo: umbilical vein
Adult: ligamentum teres (remnant of umbilical vein)
What are the 4 lobes of the liver?
Right
Left
Caudate
Quadrate
What is the bare area of the liver in contact with?
Diaphragm
How many functionally independent segments are there in the liver?
8
What is the blood supply of the liver?
30% from hepatic artery, 70% from portal vein
How does the blood supply enter the liver?
Via the free edge of the lesser omentum - epiploic foramen:
bile duct, hepatic artery, portal vein (BPH)
What are the classic symptoms of gall stones?
Gall stones can obstruct the duct system and cause symptoms including pain (biliary colic), cholecystitis and jaundice
What is the most important thing to remember about peritoneal recesses?
Accumulate fluid / be a focus for abscess formation
Are gravity dependent
Where does the gallbladder sit? (anatomical landmark)
Around the top of 9th costal cartilage
What is Murphy’s sign?
Murphy’s sign is elicited in patients with acute cholecystitis by asking the patient to take in and hold a deep breath while palpating the right subcostal area. If pain occurs on inspiration, when the inflamed gallbladder comes into contact with the examiner’s hand +ve
What is an annular pancreas and what could it cause?
2nd part of the duodenum is surrounded by a ring of pancreatic tissue - narrow the duodenal lumen
What do the minor and major duodenal papilla receive/drain?
Minor - receives accessory pancreatic duct
Major - drainage point for pancreatic and hepatic secretion
