Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Abdomen Review > Abdominal Vasculature - Part 6 > Flashcards

Abdominal Vasculature - Part 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What does tardus parvus refer to?

A

A pattern of Doppler ultrasound spectral waveform resulting from arterial stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is tardus parvus observed?

A

Downstream to the site of a stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does tardus mean?

A

Prolonged systolic acceleration

- eg. slow upstroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does parvus mean?

A

Small systolic amplitude and rounding of systolic peak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does tardus parvus indicate?

A

An upstream significant renal artery stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does tardus parvus look like on US? (4)

A
  1. Slanted upstroke
  2. Delay in reaching the peak systole
  3. Diastolic flow
  4. Dampened waveform
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When is there a risk of AAA rupture?

A

When the AAA is > 6cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are risk of AAA rupture (3)

A
  1. Significant mortality rate
  2. High blood pressure
  3. Current smoker
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do you feel unusual pain if you have an AAA? (5)

A
  1. Back
  2. Groin
  3. Testicles
  4. Legs
  5. Buttocks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a periaortic hematoma suggest?

A

A rupture has occurred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

EVAR

A

EndoVascular Aneurysm Repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Endovascular aneurysm repair

A

Inserting graft components that are folded and compressed within a delivery sheath through the lumen of an access vessel, usually the common femoral artery
- treatment of an AAA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are grafts loacted?

A

On the outside

- form paths around the blockage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are stents located?

A

On the inside

- acts as a balloon to open up the vessel to allow movement through it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens upon deployment of the EVAR?

A

The endograft expands, contacting the aortic wall proximally and iliac vessels distally to exclude the aortic aneurysm sac from aortic blood flow and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do endoleaks occur?

A

When blood is allowed to flow into the aneurysmal sac

- continued blood flow into an excluded aneurysm after endovascular placement of a stent graft

17
Q

What is the best modality for assessing post surgical leaks?

A

CT

18
Q

What are the 4 classifications of endoleaks?

A
  1. Attachment site leak-improperly sealed at proximal or distal end
  2. Retrograde flow through collateral branches(lumbars or mesenterics)
  3. Flow into the aneurysm secondary to an inadequate seal between components of the device or a tear in the fabric of the graft
  4. Flow through the fabric of the graft secondary to graft porosity
19
Q

What should you assess endoleaks?

A

Flow proximal and distal to the graft

20
Q

Endoleak

A

Blood flow outside of the graft into the aneurysmal sac

21
Q

When should you surveillance an endoleak in a postoperative year?

A

Every 3-6 month intervals

22
Q

When should you surveillance an endoleak in the following year after the postoperative year?

A

Every 6-12 month intervals

  • life long surveillance is necessary
23
Q

FMD

A

Fibromuscular dysplasia

24
Q

Fibromuscular dysplasia

A

Heterogeneous group of vascular lesions characterized by an idiopathic, non-inflammatory, and non-atherosclerotic angiopathy of small and medium-sized arteries

25
Q

What happens to the media wall in FMD?

A

They become hyperplastic causing narrowing within the lumen

26
Q

What kind of vessels can FMD involve? (2)

A
  1. Systemic

2. Cerebrovascular

27
Q

What are the 2 most common vessels with FMD?

A
  1. Renals

2. ICA

28
Q

Who is FMD most common in?

A

Females between the age of 30-50 years old

29
Q

What happens to the kindeys during FMD? (2)

A
  1. Arterial insufficiency as the stenosis results in hypertension and progressive loss of renal function
  2. Kidney size is reduced
30
Q

Is FMD a treatable disease?

A

Yes

- symptoms will subside eventually

31
Q

What is FMD the second most common cause of?

A

Renal artery stenosis

32
Q

Is FMD unilateral or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

33
Q

What is the sonographic appearance of FMD? (6)

A
  1. Asymmetry in kidney size due to the stenosis
  2. Affected kidneys initially increase in size then ultimately decreases in size
  3. Color aliasing
  4. String of beads pattern
  5. Abnormal doppler waveforms
    - high systolic peak velocities with little or no diastolic flow within the stenosis
  6. Intrarenal vasculature will display “tardus parvus” waveform

Abdomen Review (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions