Abdominal Vasculature - Part 2

Question 1

What are 6 normal variants of the aorta?

Answer 1

1. 3 renal arteries
2. Common Hepatic artery can come off the SMA
3. Right hepatic artery can come off SMA
4. Left hepatic artery originates from the left gastric artery
5. Transposition
   - flipped aorta and IVC
6. Born with all (or some) organs on the opposite side of the body

Question 2

What system do you used angle correct in?

Answer 2

The arterial system

- not the venous system

Question 3

What does the suprarenal waveform look like? (2)

Answer 3

1. Forward flow during diastole

2. Monophasic

Question 4

What kind of waveform does the infrarenal have?

Answer 4

Triphasic

Question 5

What kind of waveform does the celiac artery have? (2)

Answer 5

1. Low resistance waveform

2. Constant and continual forward blood flow during the cardiac cycle

Question 6

What does the celiac artery supply? (3)

Answer 6

1. Liver
2. Spleen
3. Stomach

Question 7

What kind of waveform does the SMA have when fasting? (2)

Answer 7

1. High resistance waveform
2. Low diastolic blood flow when fasting (triphasic)
   - 150 cm/s

Question 8

What kind of waveform does the SMA after having a mean? (2)

Answer 8

1. Increase in forward blood flow during diastole
   - increase PSV and EDV
2. Monophasic

Question 9

What does the SMA supply? (3)

Answer 9

1. Pancreas
2. Small intestines
3. Colon

Question 10

What is the SMA known for having?

Answer 10

Echogenic walls due to a layer of fat surrounding it

Question 11

What happens to the SMA during a diseased state?

Answer 11

Changes dont occur

Question 12

What kind of waveform do the renal arteries have? (2)

Answer 12

1. Low resistance waveform

2. Constant forward blood flow during a cardiac cycle

Question 13

Which renal artery is longer?

Answer 13

The right one

Question 14

Where does the right renal artery course compared to the IVC?

Answer 14

Posterior to it

Question 15

How much of the total cardiac output passes through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys?

Answer 15

1/3rd

Question 16

What is the most common renovascular anomaly?

Answer 16

Supernumerary right renal artery

Question 17

What is the velocity of the SMA?

Answer 17

150 cm/s

Question 18

What is the diameter of the aorta?

Answer 18

2-2.5cm

- greater than 3cm

Question 19

What is the diameter of the celiac artery?

Answer 19

0.7cm

Question 20

What is the diameter of the SMA?

Answer 20

0.6cm

Question 21

What is the diameter of the IMA?

Answer 21

0.3cm

Question 22

What is the diameter of the renal arteries?

Answer 22

0.4-0.5cm

Question 23

Where does the IVC lie compared to the aorta?

Answer 23

Lies to the right of it

Question 24

Where does the IVC lie compared to the vertebral processes?

Answer 24

Anterolateral

Question 25

Where does the IVC lie compared to the right kidney?

Answer 25

Medial

Question 26

Where does the IVC lie compared to the liver?

Answer 26

Posterior

Question 27

What forms the IVC?

Answer 27

The left and right common iliac veins

Question 28

What does the IVC connect with?

Answer 28

The azygos veins system running along the right side for the vertebral column and the venous plexuses next to the spinal cord

Question 29

What level does the IVC pass through the abdominal hiatus?

Answer 29

T8

Question 30

What are the branches connected to the IVC? (7)

Answer 30

1. Hepatic veins
2. Inferior phrenic vein
3. Right suprarenal vein
4. Renal veins
5. Right gonadal veins
6. Lumbar veins
7. Common iliac veins

Question 31

Where does the left gonadal vein drain into?

Answer 31

Into the left renal veins before draining into the IVC

Question 32

Do arteries or veins move with respiration?

Answer 32

Veins

Question 33

Are arteries or veins typically larger?

Answer 33

Veins

Question 34

What are 3 normal variants of the IVC?

Answer 34

1. Duplication (double) of the IVC
   - most common statistically)
2. Left- sided IVC
   - transposition
3. Absence of a portion of IVC
   - rare