Abdominal Vasculature - Part 1

Question 1

What are the borders of the abdomen? (4)

Answer 1

1. Superior border = diaphragm
2. Inferior border = pelvic floor
3. Posterior = spine and muscles
4. Anterior = abdominal wall

Question 2

What are the 2 layers of the peritoneum?

Answer 2

1. Visceral
   - surrounds organ
2. Parietal
   - surrounds cavity

Question 3

What are the functions of the peritoneum? (2)

Answer 3

1. Lines the abdominal wall

2. Protection

Question 4

What are the intraperitoneal organs? (6)

Answer 4

1. Liver
2. GB
3. Spleen
4. Stomach
5. Ovaries
6. Majority of the intestines

Question 5

What are the retroperitoneal organs? (7)

Answer 5

1. Kidneys
2. Ureters
3. Bladder
4. Greater vessels
   - aorta
   - IVC
5. Pancreas
6. Rectum
7. Majority of the duodenum

Question 6

Where does the abdominal aorta commence at?

Answer 6

The aortic opening of the diaphragm

Question 7

Where does the abdominal aorta lie? (2)

Answer 7

1. Slightly to the left

2. Anterior to the vertebral column

Question 8

What level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate at?

Answer 8

L4

Question 9

What does the abdominal aorta bifurcate into?

Answer 9

The common iliac arteries

Question 10

What happens to the abdominal aorta as it moves more distal?

Answer 10

It tapers

- decreases in diameter

Question 11

What is the largest blood vessel in the body?

Answer 11

The aorta

Question 12

Where does the abdominal aorta being?

Answer 12

At the level of the diaphragm

Question 13

What does the abdominal aorta run parallel to?

Answer 13

The IVC

Question 14

What are the three types of branches of the aorta?

Answer 14

1. Visceral branches
2. Parietal branches
3. Terminal branches

Question 15

What are examples of visceral branches? (6)

Answer 15

1. Celiac
2. SMA
3. IMA
4. Middle suprarenal
5. Renal
6. Gonadal arteries

Question 16

What do the visceral branches supply?

Answer 16

The organs in the abdomen

Question 17

What are examples of parietal branches? (3)

Answer 17

1. Inferior phrenic
2. Lumbar
3. Median sacral branches

Question 18

What does the parietal branches supply? (2)

Answer 18

1. Diaphragm

2. Posterior abdominal wall

Question 19

What is an example of a terminal branch?

Answer 19

Common iliac

Question 20

What does the terminal branches supply? (3)

Answer 20

1. The lower extremities
2. The organs of the pelvis
3. Pelvic wall

Question 21

What are examples of paired arteries? (5)

Answer 21

1. Suprarenal renal
2. Gonadals
3. Inferior phrenic
4. Lumbars
5. Common iliac

Question 22

What is a good landmark for the mid aorta?

Answer 22

Suprarenal renal arteries

Question 23

What are examples of unpaired arteries? (4)

Answer 23

1. Celiac
2. SMA
3. IMA
4. Median sacral artery

Question 24

Where does the SMA lie compared to the aorta?

Answer 24

Anterior to it

Question 25

What does the median sacral artery supply? (3)

Answer 25

1. Coccyx
2. Lumbar vertebra
3. Sacrum

Question 26

What should the aorta measure less than?

Answer 26

< 3cm

- thicker at the proximal region and less the more distal it is

Question 27

What are the 3 branches of the celiac artery?

Answer 27

1. Left gastric artery
2. Splenic artery
3. Common hepatic artery

Question 28

Which branch of the celiac artery do you not see well on US?

Answer 28

Left gastric artery

Question 29

What does the left gastric artery supply?

Answer 29

Left side of the lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 30

What does the splenic artery supply? (3)

Answer 30

1. Spleen
2. Pancreas
3. Greater curvature of the stomach

Question 31

What does the common hepatic artery supply? (4)

Answer 31

1. Liver
2. Pylorus
3. Pancreas
4. Duodenum