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SF4 Exam I > Abdominal Vasculature and Lymphatics > Flashcards

Abdominal Vasculature and Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

abdominal organs are supplied by what 3 unpaired branches off the abdominal aorta (name them)

A

Celiac Trunk (foregut)
Superior Mesenteric Artery (midgut)
Inferior Mesenteric Artery (hindgut)

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2
Q

what organs have dual blood supply and why?

A 
duodenum (celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery)
transverse colon (superior and inferior mesenteric arteries)
due to development in foregut-midgut and midgut-hindgut transitions
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3
Q

what organs are supplied by the celiac trunk?

A 
esophagus
stomach
gallbladder
pancreas
duodenum
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4
Q

what organs are supplied by superior mesenteric artery?

A 
duodenum
jejunum and ileum
cecum and appendix
ascending colon
hepatic (right colic) flexure
transverse colon
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5
Q

what organs are supplied by the inferior mesenteric artery

A 
transverse colon
splenic (left colic) flexure
descending and sigmoid colons
rectum
anal canal (upper part)
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6
Q

Celiac Trunk originates at what level and what are its branches

A 
originates at vertebral level T12
three major branches:
Left Gastric
Splenic
Common Hepatic
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7
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery

what does it supply, at what level does it originate, what is its course

A

supplies midgut derivaties
originates at vertebral level L1
passes over 3rd part of duodenum and travels in mesentery

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8
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery

what are the major branches of the and what do they supply

A
  1. Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal- inferior pancreas and duodenum
  2. Intestinal branches- jejunum and ileum
  3. Middle Colic- transverse colon
  4. Right Colic- ascending colon
  5. Ileocolic- cecum (ilum-comon jucntion)
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9
Q

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

what does it supply and at what level does it originate

A

supplies hindgut derivatives

originates at vertebral level L3

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10
Q

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

major branches and what they supply

A

Left Colic- to descending colon
Sigmoid Branches- sigmoid colon
Superior Rectal- rectum

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11
Q

arterial anastomoses occur in the abdomen between what?

A

between celiac and superior mesenteric arteries

between superior and inferior mesenteric artery

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12
Q

what is the course of the anastomosis between celiac and superior mesenteric arteries

A

around the head of the pancreas via superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

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13
Q

what is the course of the anastomosis betweensuperior and inferior mesenteric artery

A

near the left colic flexure through the Marginal Artery of Drummond

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14
Q

Marginal Artery of Drummond

what is it, what forms it, what does it do

A

its a continuous anastomosing arterial channel on the inner aspect of the large intestines
formed by branches of superior and inferior mesenteric arteries
provides communication between superior and inferior mesenteric alone entire margin of colon

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15
Q

what are the two drainage systems for the abdomen

A

portal system

caval system

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16
Q

The Portal System (drains blood from where to where)

A

blood from digestive organs and spleen

drains through liver before it is returned to IVC

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17
Q

Portal Vein (formed by what)

A

junction of splenic and superior mesenteric veins posterior to the neck of the pancreas
inferior mesenteric joins either splenic or superior mesenteric

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18
Q

Veins of Portal System do or do not have valves

A

veins or portal system DO NOT have valves

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19
Q

what is the main conduit to the liver?

A

portal vein

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20
Q

filtered blood from the liver is drained to the IVC via?

A

hepatic veins

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21
Q

Caval System (drains blood from where to where

A

blood from non-digestive organs (legs, body wall, urogenital, and reproductive systems)
drain directly into IVC

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22
Q

In cases where IVC is blocked how does blood return to the heart?

A

through Azygous System which are also connected to the caval system

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23
Q

Increased pressure in the portal system can lead to what?

A

portal hypertension b/c of no valves in portal system veins

24
Q

portal hypertension may cause?

A

blood to back flow directly into the intestines or into the caval system though one of the four connections
can produce varicose veins in these areas

25
Q

Name the 4 areas of Portal-Caval Anastomoses

A

Esophagus
Umbilicus
Rectum
Posterior Abdominal Wall

26
Q

The Portal-Caval Anastomosis at the Esophagus (what is the portal system, caval system, and symptom involved with this area)

A

Portal System: Left Gastric
Caval System: Esophageal
Symptom: esophageal carices (hemorrhage may be fatal0

27
Q

The Portal-Caval Anastomosis at the Umbilicus (what is the portal system, caval system, and symptom involved with this area)

A

Portal System: Paraumbilical
Caval System:Superficial Epigastric
Symptom: caput medusae

28
Q

The Portal-Caval Anastomosis at the Rectum (what is the portal system, caval system, and symptom involved with this area)

A

Portal System: Superior Rectal
Caval System: Inferior Rectal
Symptom: internal hemorrhoids

29
Q

The Portal-Caval Anastomosis at the Posterior Abdominal (what is the portal system, caval system, and symptom involved with this area)

A

Portal System: Colic Veins
Caval System: Retroperitoneal Veins
Symptom: Asymptomatic

30
Q

The aortic bifurcation occurs at what vertebral level

A

L4

31
Q

Splenic Artery (path and branches)

A

tortuous path from celiac trunk to spleen
multiple branches in pancreas
left gastroepiploic artery- branches close to spleen
short gastric arteries- to the fundus of stomach

32
Q

Common Hepatic Artery (path and branches)

A

ends by dividing into: proper hepatic artery

gastroduodenal artery

33
Q

Proper Hepatic Artery (branches)

A

Right Gastric- stomach (lesser curvature)
Left Hepatic- liver
Right Hepatic- liver
Cystic- gall bladder

34
Q

Gastroduodenal Artery (branches and what they supply)

A

Supraduodenal
Superior-Pancreaticoduodenal- prancers and duodenu (superior part)
Right Gastroepiploic- stomach (greater omentum- greater curvature)

35
Q

intestinal branches (from superior mesenteric) to jejunum and ileum form what?

A

arcades and vasa recta in the mesentery

36
Q

lymph flow in the abdomen follows the path of what?

A

its blood vessels

37
Q

What two regions of the abdomen is the lymph flow important and why?

A

testes and scrotum
superior and inferior half of anal canal
different patterns of blood supply and lymph drainages due to different developmental origin of the structures (despite anatomical proximity)

38
Q

Lymph from the abdominal wall superior to the umbilicus is drained via what nodes?

A

anterior and posterior axillary nodes

39
Q

Lymph from the abdominal wall inferior to the umbilicus is drained via what nodes?

A

superficial inguinal noes

40
Q

Lymph from the testes (inguinal region) is drained via what nodes?

A

para-aortic (lumbar) nodes

41
Q

Lymph from the scrotal skin and fascia (inguinal region) is drained via what nodes?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

42
Q

Lymph from the skin of the labia major (inguinal region) is drained via what nodes?

A

Superficial inguinal noes

43
Q

Pre-aortic Nodes (what are they, what do they form)

A

lymph nodes located anterior to the abdominal aorta
drain lymph from GI Tract (except inferior anal canal)
form an intestinal trunk

44
Q

Intestinal Trunk (formed from what and drains into what

A

formed from pre-aortic nodes

drains into the cistern chyli

45
Q

Pre-aortic nodes (name them)

A

Celiac Nodes
Superior Mesenteric Nodes
Inferior Mesenteric Nodes

46
Q

The lymph from the gastrointestinal tract is drained via what nodes (with what exception)

A

pre-aortic nodes (celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric
exception is anal canal

47
Q

The lymph from the anal canal superior to the pectinate line drains via what nodes?

A

inferior mesenteric nodes

48
Q

The lymph from the anal canal inferior to the pectinate line drains via what nodes?

A

superficial inguinal nodes

49
Q

The lymph from the posterior abdomen drains into what nodes?

A

pre-aortic and para-aortic (lumbar) nodes

50
Q

the cistern chyli marks what?

A

beginning of thoracic duct

51
Q

the pre-aortic and para-aortic trunks come tother at a confluence called what?

A

cisterna chyli

52
Q

what supplies blood to the stomach-duodenum junction

A

gastroduodenal artery

53
Q

the left gastric artery ives what branches?

A

esophageal branches

54
Q

there are arterial anastamosis around what parts of the stomach?

A 
greater curvature (right and left gastroepiploic arteries)
lesser curvature (right and left gastric arteries)
55
Q

another name for gastroepiploic artery

A

gastro-omental artery

SF4 Exam I (16 decks)

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