Abdominal Vasculature

Question 1

What are the different types of aneurysms?

Answer 1

True, False, and dissecting

Question 2

What is a Berry aneurysm?

Answer 2

Small saccular aneurysm located in the cerebrum.

Question 3

What is a mycotic aneurysm?

Answer 3

Infected aneurysm

Question 4

What is atherosclerotic aneurysm?

Answer 4

results from weakening of the media in severe atherosclerosis.

Question 5

What is fusiform aneurysm?

Answer 5

spindle shaped dilation affecting the entire circumference.

Question 6

What is a saccular aneurysm?

Answer 6

localized spherical outpouching of the vessel wall.

Question 7

What is a true aneurysm?

Answer 7

An aneurysm involving all three layers of the aorta

Question 8

What is the most common true aneurysm?

Answer 8

fusiform

Question 9

Aortic aneurysm are associated with what?

Answer 9

Genetics

Question 10

If someone has an aortic aneurysm where else might you fine an aneurysm?

Answer 10

iliac and popliteal.

Question 11

What are the layers of a vessel?

Answer 11

Adventitia, media, intima

Question 12

What is a false aneurysm?

Answer 12

injury to the vessel wall and blood is contained within the retroperitoneal space.

Question 13

When is the term pseudoaneurysm used?

Answer 13

When dealing with peripheral arteries

Question 14

Pseudoaneurysm are commonly associated with what?

Answer 14

Angiographic punctures or surgical anastomosis.

Question 15

How is a pseuoaneurysm treated?

Answer 15

Compression, Thrombin injection, surgical repair.

Question 16

What is a dissecting aneurysm?

Answer 16

Usually starts in the Ao arch down to the thorax. A dissection is the seperation of the intima from the media.

Question 17

Where can a Dissecting aneurysm extend to ?

Answer 17

Carotid arteries or down the Ao to the femoral arteries.

Question 18

What is the main causes of Ao dissection?

Answer 18

Marfans syndrome

Question 19

If an Ao aneurysm? is below the renal arteries what can be done?

Answer 19

Endovascular stent graft repair
- inserted through the groin

Question 20

What is May- thurners syndrome?

Answer 20

Compression of the LEFT common iliac vein of the lumbar vertebrae and the RT common iliac artery.

Question 21

What can Mau-thurner cause?

Answer 21

DVT in the left extremity

Question 22

What vessels are evaluated when looking for Mesenteric ischemia?

Answer 22

CA, SMA, IMA.

Question 23

What is the mesenteric artery stenosis criteria?

Answer 23

CA velocity >200cm/sec
SMA velocity > 275 cm/sec

Question 24

What is another name for celiac axis compression syndrome?

Answer 24

median arcuate ligament sompression syndrome.

Question 25

clinically what is seen with CA compression?

Answer 25

A bruit is seen during expiration and inspiration.

Question 26

What is seen during expiration and inspiration of CA compression

Answer 26

Expiration- ligament compresses the CA and creates a S shape and causes stenosis.
Inspiration- CA straightens and stenosis disappears and velocities return to normal.

Question 27

What is Nutcracker syndrome?

Answer 27

The Left renal vein is compressed between the SMA and Ao.

Question 28

What does nutcracker syndrome cause?

Answer 28

Venous HTN- venous collaterals and retrograde in the adrenal and gondal veins
which cause
- pelvic congestion syndrome in females
- varicoceles in males

Question 29

What is a arteriovenous shunts?

Answer 29

A connection between an artery and vein.

Question 30

What are some sonographic characteristics for arteriovenous ?

Answer 30

Color flow bruit
pulsatile venous flow
low resistive arterial flow

Question 31

What are intrarenal arteriovenous shunt results of

Answer 31

renal biopsy.

Question 32

A arteriovenous shut will produce what waveform?

Answer 32

high velocity and low resistance