Abdominal Vasculature Flashcards
What are the different types of aneurysms?
True, False, and dissecting
What is a Berry aneurysm?
Small saccular aneurysm located in the cerebrum.
What is a mycotic aneurysm?
Infected aneurysm
What is atherosclerotic aneurysm?
results from weakening of the media in severe atherosclerosis.
What is fusiform aneurysm?
spindle shaped dilation affecting the entire circumference.
What is a saccular aneurysm?
localized spherical outpouching of the vessel wall.
What is a true aneurysm?
An aneurysm involving all three layers of the aorta
What is the most common true aneurysm?
fusiform
Aortic aneurysm are associated with what?
Genetics
If someone has an aortic aneurysm where else might you fine an aneurysm?
iliac and popliteal.
What are the layers of a vessel?
Adventitia, media, intima
What is a false aneurysm?
injury to the vessel wall and blood is contained within the retroperitoneal space.
When is the term pseudoaneurysm used?
When dealing with peripheral arteries
Pseudoaneurysm are commonly associated with what?
Angiographic punctures or surgical anastomosis.
How is a pseuoaneurysm treated?
Compression, Thrombin injection, surgical repair.
What is a dissecting aneurysm?
Usually starts in the Ao arch down to the thorax. A dissection is the seperation of the intima from the media.
Where can a Dissecting aneurysm extend to ?
Carotid arteries or down the Ao to the femoral arteries.
What is the main causes of Ao dissection?
Marfans syndrome
If an Ao aneurysm? is below the renal arteries what can be done?
Endovascular stent graft repair
- inserted through the groin
What is May- thurners syndrome?
Compression of the LEFT common iliac vein of the lumbar vertebrae and the RT common iliac artery.
What can Mau-thurner cause?
DVT in the left extremity
What vessels are evaluated when looking for Mesenteric ischemia?
CA, SMA, IMA.
What is the mesenteric artery stenosis criteria?
CA velocity >200cm/sec
SMA velocity > 275 cm/sec
What is another name for celiac axis compression syndrome?
median arcuate ligament sompression syndrome.
clinically what is seen with CA compression?
A bruit is seen during expiration and inspiration.
What is seen during expiration and inspiration of CA compression
Expiration- ligament compresses the CA and creates a S shape and causes stenosis.
Inspiration- CA straightens and stenosis disappears and velocities return to normal.
What is Nutcracker syndrome?
The Left renal vein is compressed between the SMA and Ao.
What does nutcracker syndrome cause?
Venous HTN- venous collaterals and retrograde in the adrenal and gondal veins
which cause
- pelvic congestion syndrome in females
- varicoceles in males
What is a arteriovenous shunts?
A connection between an artery and vein.
What are some sonographic characteristics for arteriovenous ?
Color flow bruit
pulsatile venous flow
low resistive arterial flow
What are intrarenal arteriovenous shunt results of
renal biopsy.
A arteriovenous shut will produce what waveform?
high velocity and low resistance
