Abdomen (Abnormal) Flashcards
Hard stools in the colon appear as a localized distention.
FECES
A large ovarian cyst or fibroid tumor appears as generalized distention in the lower abdomen.
FIBROIDS AND OTHER MASSES
The abdomen distended with gas may appear as a generalized protuberance, or it may appear more localized.
FLATUS
Fluid in the abdomen causes generalized protuberance, bulging flanks, and an everted umbilicus.
ASCITIC FLUID
An _____ results from the bowel protruding through a weakness in the umbilical ring. This condition occurs more frequently in infants, but also occurs in adults.
UMBILICAL HERNIA
An _____ occurs when the bowel protrudes through a weakness in the linea alba. The small bulge appears midline between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus.
EPIGASTRIC HERNIA
Occurs when the bowel protrudes through a separation between the two rectus abdominis muscles. It appears as a midline ridge.
DIASTASIS RECTI
Occurs when the bowel protrudes through a defect or weakness resulting from a surgical incision.
INCISIONAL HERNIA
defined as a span greater than 12 cm at the midclavicular line (MCL) and greater than 8 cm at the midsternal line (MSL).
ENLARGED LIVER
An enlarged firm, hard, nodular liver suggests cancer. Other causes may be late cirrhosis or syphilis.
ENLARGED NODULAR LIVER
A liver that is in a higher position than normal span may be caused by an abdominal mass, ascites, or a paralyzed diaphragm.
A liver in a lower position than normal with a normal span may be caused by emphysema because the diaphragm is low.
Is defined by an area of dullness exceeding 7 cm.
ENLARGED SPLEEN
A prominent, laterally pulsating mass above the umbilicus.
AORTIC ANEURYSM
sharp pain that causes the client to hold the breath.
POSITIVE MURPHY SIGN
