Mouth, Nose, Sinuses (Abnormal and normal Findings) Flashcards
may appear as brown dots or cover more extensive areas of chewing surfaces
Tooth decay (caries)
seen when upper or lower incisors protrude.
Malocclusion
Red, swollen gums that bleed easily are seen in _____
gingivitis, scurvy (vitamin C deficiency), and leukemia.
Receding red gums with loss of teeth are seen in ______.
periodontitis
Enlarged, reddened gums
hyperplasia
(chalky white raised patches)
Leukoplakia
These are precancerous lesions
Leukoplakia
Whitish, curd-like patches that scrape off over reddened mucosa and bleed easily indicate “thrush” infection.
Candida albicans
______ (tiny whitish spots that lie over reddened mucosa) are an early sign of measles.
Koplik spots
An enlarged tongue suggests ____
hypothyroidism, acromegaly, or Down syndrome, and angioneurotic edema of anaphylaxis.
A very small tongue suggests _____.
malnutrition
the most common site of oral cancer
the area underneath the tongue
may be seen on the sides of the tongue in clients receiving certain kinds of chemotherapy.
Cancer sores
Decreased tongue strength may occur with a defect of cranial nerve ____
cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal) or with a shortened frenulum.
may appear as thick white plaques on the hard palate.
Candidal infection
Deep purple, raised, or flat lesions.
Kaposi sarcoma
An opening in the hard palate is known as a _____.
cleft palate
Fruity or acetone breath is associated with _____.
diabetic ketoacidosis
An ammonia odor is often associated with _____.
kidney disease
Foul odors may indicate an ______
Oral, or respiratory infection, or tooth decay.
A bright red throat with white or yellow exudate
pharyngitis
The frontal and maxillary sinuses are tender upon percussion in clients with allergies or sinus infection.
