ABDOMEN

Question 1

HLI EUH

Answer 1

9 REGIONS OF ABDOMEN

Question 2

Within abdominal cavity are
systems:

Answer 2

GI, Reproductive,
Lymphatic and Urinary

Question 3

Often described as heartburn, can be an indication of acute and chronic gastric disorders
including hyperacidity, GI Reflux, peptic Ulcer Disease and Stomach cancer

Answer 3

INDIGESTION

Question 3

May reflect gastric dysfunction and associated with many digestive disorders of the
accessory organs such as liver, pancreas, renal failure and drug intolerance
* Others: Triggered by dietary intolerance, , exercise related nausea, psychological triggers,
menstruation, pregnancy etc

Answer 3

NAUSEA AND VOMITING

Question 3

Noted of increase or decrease in appetite. Loss of appetite is a general complaint
associated with digestive disorders, chronic syndromes, cancers and psychological
disorders
* Shall be correlated with dietary history and weight monitoring
* Older adult has altered metabolism, decrease taste sensation, decrease mobility and
depression-appetite usually declines

Answer 3

APPETITE

Question 3

can occur anywhere, but
it’s most common in your neck,
shoulders, back, teeth and jaws

Answer 3

REFERRED PAIN

Question 3

Description of the stool, how many times per day, consistency and color; change in
bowel elimination patterns?
* Normal frequency-2-3x a day or 3xa week
* Other symptom accompanying such can give a clue as to its cause
* Do you have constipation, any accompanying symptoms
* Constipation with bleeding- Cancer
* Constipation with pencil shaped stools: Obstruction
* Have ever experience diarrhea, any accompanying symptoms
* Bloody mucoid stools: inflammatory bowel disease
* Fatty stools: Malabsorption

Answer 3

BOWEL ELIMINATION

Question 3

is usually
caused by ascites
When the patient is in supine position, the
flanks of patient is bulging some causes for

Answer 3

ABDOMINAL BULGE

Question 3

is an uncommon subcutaneous
manifestation of intra-abdominal pathology that
manifests as ecchymosis or discoloration of the
flanks.

Answer 3

GREY TURNER’S SIGN

Question 4

STRETCH MARKS

Answer 4

STRIAE

Question 4

discoloration in the umbilicus

Answer 4

CULLEN’S SIGN

Question 4

Determines the presence of fluid, distention, and masses. Presence of air —
tymphany,

Answer 4

PERCUSSION

Question 5

is usually present in most of the abdomen caused by air in
the gut (a higher pitch than the lungs).

Answer 5

TYMPANY

Question 6

is a lower-pitched and hollow sound (found in normal
lungs).

Answer 6

Resonance

Question 7

is a flat sound without echoes; the liver, spleen, and fluid in
the peritoneum (ascites) give a dull note, but an unusual dullness
may be a clue to an underlying abdominal mass.

Answer 7

DULLNESS