AAMC 4 Flashcards
what makes a good PCR primer?
high GC content and 5’ and 3’ ending in G or C
what is nondisjunction and when does it happen in meiosis?
when the chromatids don’t separate. either anaphase 1 or anaphase 2
heterochromatin is … and euchromatin is…
heterochromatin is closed to transcription, and euchromatin is looser and open to transcription (YOU are made from euchromatin)
explain the progression of blood vessels to me from artery to vein
from the heart: artery>arteriole>capillary (exchange of gases)< venule < vein
yo. with Km and Kd and Kwhatever else, what does it mean when the K value increases for binding affinity and whatnot?
Inverse. So the higher the Km, the lower the binding affinity! Km is increased in competitive inhibition (attracted to another girl)
what did james lange say about emotions? the other theories?
the physiological arousal comes before the actual emotional experience. Cannon bard said simultaneous. the two factor (Schachter Singer) brings in cognition. the lazarus theory puts cognition first and then physiological and emotional (revive the dead)
Piaget said when did object permanence happen and when did conservation happen?
object permanence (2 year old) before conservation. conservation (same amount diff container) happened at around 8 in the concrete operational stage
Mead’s theory of self had what two concepts?
I (autonomous and inherent) and Me (learned from others)
what does a lyase enzyme do?
lyases form or break double bonds
which amino acids are phosphorylated and WHERE exactly, like which functional group, does this happen on their side chain?
serine (S), threonine (T), and tyrosine (Y) on the hydroxyl group. an esterification reaction by a kinase
which two amino acids have sulfur?
cysteine and methionine
what does a carboxylase enzyme do?
it adds a co2
Explain henry’s law to me
solubility (in molarity) = constant*vapor pressure of that gas above the liquid its dissolved in
what are the subunit sizes for both eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes?
Eukaryotic: 60S/40S=80S
Prokaryotic: 50S/ 30S=70S
what are some characteristics of prokaryotes? does this include bacteria?
yes. bacteria are prokaryotes! no membrane bound nucleus or organelles, circular plasmid DNA *but prokaryotes definitely do have DNA
Do viruses have DNA or RNA?
either one! it depends.
what is the flow of trna of the amino acids on the large subunit of the ribosome? (E,P,A sites…)
the order of travel is A(arrival) P E(exit)
what does southern blotting measure?
gDNA (genomic DNA)
what is the difference between qPCR and RT-PCR?
qPCR tells you how much DNA is in something (think just your standard PCR) and RT-PCR is real time tracking of transcription of mRNA
what is the name and charge for R amino acid?
R is arginine and it is (+)
How does native page separate?
based off of charge and size of molecules/proteins
In females, with the 23rd pair of chromosomes (the sex chromosomes) what happens to make them more like guys?
XX of females, one x chromosome is permanently inactivated so that it matches XY men. everyone only has one active X chromosome. HOWEVER this inactive x chromosome is still replicated! just last.
Does lechatliers shift Q or Keq?
it shifts Q in relation to Keq, meaning that the reaction will change the equilibrium concentrations of either the products or reactants to push q back to where keq is
water never appears in equillibrium constant expression. what is this expression? what types of substances are never included?
([products at eq]^their coeff )/ ([reactants at eq]^coeff)
pure solids and liquids are never included bc their conc. wont change. gases are included.
