A3 Cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

How many chambers are there in the heart?

A

4

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2
Q

Name the structure labelled X

A

Coronary artery

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3
Q

Name the chamber labelled S

A

Right atrium

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4
Q

Name the structure labelled R

A

Right ventricle

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5
Q

Name the structure labelled P

A

Left atrium

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6
Q

Does chamber Q contain oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

Oxygenated

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7
Q

Name the structure labelled X

A

Coronary artery

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8
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled C

A

Aorta

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9
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled B

A

Pulmonary vein

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10
Q

Name the blood vessel that returns blood from the body to the heart

A

Vena cava

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11
Q

Name blood vessel A

A

Pulmonary artery

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12
Q

Name the valve

A

Semi lunar valve

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13
Q

Name the valve labelled B

A

Bicuspid valve

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14
Q

Name the blood vessel labelled C

A

Aorta

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15
Q

Name the structure labelled D

A

Tricuspid valve

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16
Q

In which chamber is the SAN found?

A

Right atrium

17
Q

What is the role of the SAN?

A

Acts as pacemaker

Initiates an electrical wave across the atria

18
Q

List the structures involved in causing the cardiac muscle to contract

A

Sino atrial node

Atria walls

Atrioventricular mode

Bundle of His

Purkinjie fibres

19
Q

What happens when a electrical wave passes over the atria?

A

Cardiac muscle in atria walls contract

Increase pressure in atria

Valve opens

Blood passes into ventricles

20
Q

What does myogenic mean?

A

Cardiac muscle contracts

without the control of the nervous system

21
Q

What is the role of the AVN?

A

Initiates an electrical impulse that travels down the Bindle of His to the purkinjie fibres

Causes ventricles to contract from the apex upwards

22
Q

What happens to the pressure in the ventricles when the walls contract?

A

Pressure increases

23
Q

When do the semi lunar valves open?

A

When the pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the pulmonary artery/aorta

24
Q

When does the tricuspid valve open?

A

When the pressure in the right atrium is higher than the pressure in the right ventricle.

25
When does the biscupid valve close?
When the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than the left atrium