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1A- Materials > A2/A3- Concrete, Cement & Mortar > Flashcards

A2/A3- Concrete, Cement & Mortar Flashcards

1
Q

The higher the water cement ratio mix, the _________ the concrete.

A

stronger

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2
Q

What creates paste for concrete?

A

Cement + water

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3
Q

Less paste forms a more ________ and __________ texture.

A

rough
porous

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4
Q

More paste creates __________.

A

cracking

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5
Q

What is the process of a substance reacting with water (that occurs for several weeks)?

A

Hydration.

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6
Q

Why are additives used for concrete?
1. ______________________.
2. _________________________________.
3. _____________________________________.

A

To enhance colour.
To enhance workability.
To enhance fire resistance.

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7
Q

Admixtures are __________ (retarders, water reducers) added to concrete before mixing.

A

chemicals

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8
Q

How long does it take for concrete to achieve full strength and hardness?

A

28 days.

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9
Q

What are the 4 types of concrete mixes?
1.
2.
3.
4.

A
  1. Prescribed mixes.
  2. Design mixes.
  3. Mixes by ratio of volume.
  4. Mixes by ratio of weight.
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10
Q

A prescribed mix is a mixture with _______________ of all _______________.

A

exact proportions
ingredients

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11
Q

A design mix is a mixture for a ______________ but with ____________ proportions.

A

specific task
inexplicit

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12
Q

What is a disadvantage of a ratio by volume mix?

A

It is carried out onsite so it lacks accuracy.

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13
Q

What is the ratio by weight mix mainly used for?

A

Bulk concrete.

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14
Q

What are 3 advantages of concrete?

A
  1. Inexpensive.
  2. Range of applications due to molds.
  3. Quick and easy to build.
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15
Q

Is concrete a good sound insulator?

A

Yes.

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16
Q

What is 1 disadvantage of concrete?

A

Lacks visual aesthetic.

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17
Q

What are 2 characteristics of aerated concrete blocks?
1.
2.

A
  1. Lightweight.
  2. Medium strength.
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18
Q

What is the difference in mixture between aerated blocks and other concrete blocks?

A

They contain lime, ash, and aluminium sulphate.

19
Q

What are aerated blocks mainly used for?

A

Partitions.

20
Q

What is high density concrete made of?
____________, __________ and ____________________.

A

Cement, sand and aggregates.

21
Q

What are 2 characteristics of high density concrete blocks?
1.
2.

A
  1. Durable.
  2. High-strength.
22
Q

What are high density blocks mainly used for?

A

Load bearing walls.

23
Q

What is ICF made of?
____________ and ____________________.

A

Cement
recycled wood chip

24
Q

What are 2 uses of insulated concrete form (ICF) blocks?
1.
2.

A
  1. Interlocks to create formwork.
  2. Integrated with mineral wool insulation.
25
Q

Reinforced concrete has a ___________________ that allows a structure to remain _________ under loading.

A

high compressive strength
stable

26
Q

Reinforced concrete is _________ and needs _______________, so there will be ______________________ once a building is constructed.

A

durable
little maintenance
minimal maintenance costs

27
Q

What is cement?

A

A soft powder ready to be mixed into concrete or mortar.

28
Q

What is the process to make Portland Cement?
1. Cement is processed in a ______________ to form ________________ (small grey pebbles).

  1. ___________________ is mixed with _____________ and fed into a __________________.
  2. The ___________________ is ground into ___________________ to become Portland Cement.
A

rotary kiln
cement clinker

Cement clinker
minerals
grinder machine

cement clinker
fine powder

29
Q

What is mortar?
A __________-based ______-___________ adhesive.

A

cement
gap-filling

30
Q

What are two main characteristics of mortar:
1.
2.

A
  1. Workability.
  2. Flexibility.
31
Q

Mortar must have good _______________ to stand against the ______________ of a location.

A

weather resistance
specific climate

32
Q

Mortar must have good workability to make it easier to do what?

A

Lay bricks.

33
Q

What is mortar render?
A mixture applied to buildings to _______ a smooth finish.

A

render

34
Q

What happens to blocks after mortar is applied to it?
They become resistant to _______________ and transmit ______________ effectively.

A

side-loading
vertical loads

35
Q

What are the 4 types of mortar?
1.
2.
3.
4.

A

Cement mortar.
Lime mortar.
Cement lime mortar.
Coloured mortar.

36
Q

How does mortar fail?

A

By crushing.

37
Q

What are 2 characteristics of cement mortar (3:1)?
1.
2.

A
  1. Very strong.
  2. Quick setting.
38
Q

What is cement mortar commonly used for?

A

Engineering bricks.

39
Q

What are 2 characteristics of lime mortar (3:1)?
1.
2.

A
  1. Porous.
  2. Slow setting.
40
Q

What is lime mortar commonly used for?

A

Older buildings.

41
Q

What are 2 characteristics of cement-lime mortar?
1.
2.

A
  1. Water resistant.
  2. Quick setting.
42
Q

Identify one way mortar can fail:

A

By crushing.

43
Q

Coloured mortar is cement-lime mortar but with ____________________.

A

coloured additives.

44
Q

Screed is a thin layer of ________________ spread over a concrete floor to make it ___________ and level.

A

cement mixture
smooth

1A- Materials (16 decks)

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