A&P Chapter 11 Test Flashcards
What does the hypothalamus do?
An automatic system that controls heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature
What does the pineal gland do?
Deals with circadian cycle: sleepiness
What does the pituitary gland do?
Called the “master gland,” it monitors and regulates bodily functions through the hormones it produces.
What does the thyroid do?
Controls your metabolism and breaks down energy to store and release it
What is BMR associated with
Thyroid gland
What does the thymus do?
Develop T cells for immune system
What does the parathyroid do
Maintain serum calcium with PTH
What does the pancreas do
Regulate blood sugar levels and breakdown of carbohydrates
What does the adrenal gland do?
Produce hormones to regulate matabolism, stress, blood pressure, and immune system.
Adrenal cortex
outer
Adrenal medulla
inner
What do ovaries do
Produce and store eggs in women
What do testes do
Production of sperm cells
What hormones does the pineal gland secrete
melatonin: helps maintain circadian rhythms
What hormones does the pituitary gland secrete
ACTH: Stimulates production of cortisol
TSH: Stimulates production of thyroid hormones
LH: Regulates testosterone and estrogen
FSH: Promotes sperm production and stimulate ovaries
What hormones does the post pituitary gland secrete
Oxytocin: Causes milk letdown in nursing mothers and contractions during brith
ADH: Regulates water balance
Diuretics: Increase urine production
What hormones does the thyroid secrete
T3 and T4: increase the rate at which cells release energy from carbohydrates
Calcitonin: Regulates blood concentration of calcium
What hormones does the parathyroid secrete
Parathyroid hormone (PTH): takes calcium from the bones to make available for blood
What hormones does the adrenal medulla secrete
Epinephrine and norepinephrine: Increase heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure (fight or flight response)
What hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete
Aldosterone: Helps kidneys conserve sodium and secrete potassium, maintain blood pressure.
Cortisol: stress response
Adrenal sex hormones: estrogen and androgens
What hormones does the pancreas secrete
Insulin and glycogen: maintain sugar homeostasis
Difference between exocrine glands and endocrine glands
Endocrine means secretes inside the body (hormones released in bloodsteam)
Exocrine means secretes outside the body (sweat, saliva, breast milk).
Parathyroid and thyroid function
Thyroid controls your metabolism and breaks down and stores energy.
Parathyroid maintains serum calcium with PTH.
Major functions and responsibilities of the endocrine system
Endocrine system has glands that releases hormones into the bloodstream in order to maintain homeostasis in the body or in response to a body reaction. It help to control mood, growth and development, metabolism and reproduction.
Negative feedback loops and how they relate to the endocrine system
Negative feedback loops are when levels go above or below a set point, the endocrine system secretes hormones to lower or raise a level. An example of this when the blood stream has high glucose levels so it releases insulin.
What release the fight or flight hormone
The adrenal medulla (epinephrine)
