A Horse and Two Goats Flashcards

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1
Q

Author of A Horse and Two Goats

A

R.K. Narayan

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2
Q

What does “Kritam” mean?

A

In Tamil, Kritam means “coronet” or “crown”.

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3
Q

How many villages does the story say are dotted on the map of India?

A

seven hundred thousand

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4
Q

How many houses did the village consist of?

A

The village consisted of less than thirty houses

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5
Q

Description of the Big House

A

The Big House was the only house in Kritam built with brick and cement. It was painted brilliant yellow and blue all over with gorgeous carvings of Gods and Gargoyles on its balustrade.

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6
Q

What were most houses in Kritam made of?

A

Most houses in Kritam were generally of bamboo thatch, straw, mud and other unspecified material.

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7
Q

Who’s house was the last house in the street?

A

Muni’s house

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8
Q

In his prosperous days, how many animals did Muni own?

A

He owned a flock of forty sheeps and goats.

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9
Q

In his propserous days, how would Muni spend a day?

A

He would travel every morning driving his flock of forty sheep and goats to the highway a couple of miles away. There, he would sit on the pedestal of a clay statue of a horse while his cattle grazed around. He carried a crook at the end of a bamboo pole and snapped foliage from the avenue trees to feed his flock. He would also gather faggots and dry sticks, bundling them and carrying them home for fuel at sunset.

His wife would light the domestic fire at dawn. She would boil water in a mud pot, throw into it a handful of millet flour, add salt and give him his first nourishment of the day. When he started out, she would put in his hand and a packed lunch, once again the same millet cooked into a little ball, which he could swallow with a raw onion at midday.

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10
Q

What had Muni’s stock come down to?

A

Muni’s stock had come down to two goats, which were tethered to the trunk of a drumstick tree which grew in front of his hut.

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11
Q

Where did Muni get drumsticks from?

A

Muni got drumsticks from a drumstick tree which grew in front of his hut.

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12
Q

How many teeth does Muni have left?

A

Muni has only four teeth left in his jaw

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13
Q

What ingredients does Muni’s wife list for making the sauce?

A

She lists dhall, chilly, curry leaves, mustard, coriander, gingelley oil and one large potato

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14
Q

How did Muni try to get the shop man’s attention?

A

Muni tried to get the shop man’s attention by clearing his throat, coughing and sneezing until the shop man could not stand it anymore.

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15
Q

Why did Muni laugh at the shopkeeper’s joke? Did it work?

A

Muni laughed at the shopkeeper’s joke inordinately at being called “young man” in order to please the shop keeper.

This completely won the shopkeeper over because he liked his sense of humour to be appreciated.

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16
Q

Why does Muni want to humour the shop man? What would be the shop man’s reaction.

A

By humouring the shop man, Muni could always ask for one or more items of food, promising payment later.

Some days, the shopman was in a good mood and he would give in. Sometimes he would lose his temper and suddenly bark at Muni for daring to ask for credit.

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17
Q

What debt does Muni owe to the shop man?

A

Muni owes a debt of five rupees and a quarter to the shop man.

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18
Q

When does Muni say he will repay the debt he owes to the shop man?

A

Muni says that he will pay everything on the first of the next month.

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19
Q

What does the shop man ask to make Muni feel caught?

A

The shop man asks Muni who he expects to rob to repay his debt on the first of the next month.

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20
Q

Who does Muni say will send him money?

A

He says that his daughter had sent him word that she would be sending him money.

21
Q

For what purpose would Muni’s daughter send him money?

A

Muni’s daughter would send him money for his fiftieth birthday.

22
Q

How old does Muni think he is? How does he calculate his age?

A

Muni thinks that he’s fifty, though he is not sure of it. He calculates his age from the time of the ‘great famine’, where he stood ‘as high as the parapet around the village well’. Now, he couldn’t calculate such things accurately because of the many famines occurring.

23
Q

Why did the shop man feel encouraged?

A

The shopman felt encouraged because other customers were standing around to watch and comment over the conversation between the shop man and Muni.

24
Q

What does the shop man think Muni’s age is?

A

The shop man thinks Muni’s age is seventy.

25
Q

For what purpose did Muni previously mention a birthday? When?

A

Muni mentioned a birthday five weeks previously when he wanted castor oil for his holy bath.

26
Q

What made Muni unobtrusively rise and move away?

A

Muni unobtrusively rose and moved away when the shop man mentioned that Muni had mentioned a birthday five weeks prior when he wanted castor oil for his holy bath.

27
Q

Why does Muni tell his wife to sell the drumsticks?

A

He tells his wife to sell the drumsticks because the shopman did not give him anything.

28
Q

What does Muni’s wife ask Muni to do?

A

Muni’s wife tells him he would get no sauce or anything else. She says that she can’t find anything to give him to eat. She requests him to fast till the evening, to take the goats and to be gone. She tells him to not come back until the sun is down.

29
Q

What does Muni say about his wife’s temper?

A

He says that his wife’s temper was undependable in the morning but improved by evening time.

30
Q

What work did Muni’s wife do?

A

Muni’s wife would “grind corn in the Big House” and “sweep” or “scrub” somewhere.

31
Q

How do we know Muni had a low social status?

A

When Muni was traveling to the outskirts of the village, he had his head “bowed in thought”. He did not want to look at anyone or be “accosted”. On his way to the outskirts, a couple of “cronies” lounging in the temple corridor hailed him, but he ignored their call.

32
Q

How did Muni know that he would get food by the end of the day?

A

Muni knew that, if he obeyed his wife, she would somehow conjure up some food for him in the evening. He had to be careful not to argue with and irritate her. Her temper was undependable in the morning but improved by evening time. She would go about and work - grind corn in the Big House, sweep or scrub somewhere, and earn enough to buy foodstuff and to keep a dinner ready for Muni in the evening.

33
Q

What were the ages of Muni and his wife when they got married?

A

When they got married, Muni and his wife were told that they were ten years old and eight years old respectively.

34
Q

When did Muni lift his head and look up?

A

Muni lifted his head and looked up when he reached the outskirts

35
Q

Why did Muni urge and bullied the goats?

A

Muni urged and bullied the goats until they meandered along to the foot of the horse statue on the edge of the village.

36
Q

Why did Muni sit on the pedestal of the horse statue the entire day?

A

He sat on the pedestal of the horse statue the entire day so that he could watch the highway and see the lorries and buses pass through to the hills. This gave him a sense of belonging to a larger world.

37
Q

Description of statue

A

The horse was nearly life-size, moulded out of clay, baked, burnt and brightly coloured. It reared its head proudly, prancing its forelegs in the air and flourishing its tail in a loop. Beside the horse stood a warrior with scythe-like mustachios, bulging eyes and aquiline nose. The horse itself was said to have been as white as a dhobi-washed street and had had on its back a cover of pure brocade of red and black lace, matching the multi coloured sash around the waist of the warrior.

38
Q

Did anyone in the village notice the statue of the horse? Explain.

A

No one noticed the existence of the horse. Even Muni, who spent all his waking hours at its foot, never looked up. It was untouched even by the young vandals of the village who gashed tree trunks with knives and tried to topple off milestones and inscribed lewd designs on all walls.

39
Q

What kind of soil were Muni’s goats grazing in? What bushes did they have?

A

Muni’s goats were grazing in the arid soil among the cactus and lantana bushes.

40
Q

Description of Foreigner’s vehicle

A

According to Muni, the vehicle looked both like a motor car and a bus. It was yellow in colour.

41
Q

Who was driving the vehicle that was approaching?

A

A red faced foreigner.

42
Q

What was the foreigner asking Muni before he was distracted by the statue of the horse?

A

The foreigner was asking Muni if there was a gas station nearby or if he would have to wait until another car arrived.

43
Q

What did Muni think he should do on seeing the foreigner?

A

On seeing the foreigner, Muni felt he should get up and run away. However, due to his age, he could not readily put his limbs into action.

44
Q

What clothes were the red-faced foreigner wearing? How was this interpreted by Muni?

A

The red-faced foreigner wore khaki clothes. Due to this, Muni thought that the foreigner was a policeman or a soldier.

45
Q

What were the only English expressions Muni had learnt?

A

The only English expressions Muni had learnt were “Yes.” and “No.”

46
Q

How did Muni introduce himself to the foreigner in Tamil?

A

Muni introduced himself to the foreigner by telling the foreigner his name and by saying that the two goats were his, adding that their village is full of slanderers who would not hesitate to say that what belongs to a person does not belong to him.

47
Q

What “courtesy” did the foreigner forget?

A

The foreigner forgot to ask Muni if he smoked.

48
Q

When has Muni smoked before?

A

Muni has smoked noce before when the shop man gave him a cigarette on credit.