A-2: Denote Anatomical Structures or their Parts

Question 1

Ary-

Answer 1

Pertaining to the arytenoid cartilage (Aryepiglottic fold - fold of tissue that runs the lateral aspect of the epiglottis to the arytenoid cartilages)

Question 2

Clavius

Answer 2

Pertaining to the clavicle (Subclavius - a muscle found immediately below, and running parallel to, clavicle)

Question 3

Cleido-

Answer 3

Pertaining to the clavicle (Sternocleidomastoid - a muscle that has three attachments, to the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process)

Question 4

Costal

Answer 4

Pertaining to the ribs (Costal pleura - a layer of connective tissue that adheres to the inner rib cage)

Question 5

Costalis

Answer 5

Pertaining to the ribs (Lateral iliocostalis - a muscle that runs from the ilium to the lower ribs, assisting in depressing them)

Question 6

Costarum

Answer 6

Pertaining to the ribs (Levator costarum brevis - short muscles just lateral to the spinal column along the rib cage that assist in elevating the ribs)

Question 7

Crico-

Answer 7

Pertaining to the cricoid cartilage (Cricoarytenoid - the joint formed by the articulation of the cricoid cartilage with each of the arytenoid cartilages)

Question 8

-Dontia

Answer 8

Pertaining to the teeth (Anodontia - any number of missing teeth)

Question 9

Genio-

Answer 9

Pertaining to the chin (Genioglossus - muscle that runs from the inside of the chin to the tongue)

Question 10

Glosso-

Answer 10

Pertaining to the tongue (Glossopharyngeal - cranial nerve IX that provides motor fibers to parts of the tongue and pharynx)

Question 11

-Glossus

Answer 11

Pertaining to the tongue (Genioglossus - muscle that runs from the inside of the chin to the tongue)

Question 12

-Gnathia

Answer 12

Pertaining to the jaw (Micrognathia - an unusually small mandible)

Question 13

Hyo-

Answer 13

Pertaining to the Hyoid bone (Hyothyroid - a membrane that fills the space between the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage)

Question 14

Iliac

Answer 14

Pertaining to the ilium (Iliac crest - the prominent ridge of the ilium; the hip bone)

Question 15

Ilio-

Answer 15

Pertaining to the ilium (Lateral iliocostalis - a muscle that runs from the ilium to the lower ribs, assisting in depressing them)

Question 16

Labio-

Answer 16

Pertaining to the lips (Labioversion - any number of anterior teeth that are tilted toward the lips)

Question 17

Laryngo-

Answer 17

Pertaining to the larynx (Laryngopharynx - the lowermost part of the pharynx in the general region of the larynx, immediately above the esophagus)

Question 18

Lingua-

Answer 18

Pertaining to the tongue (Lingua nigra - a tongue disease caused by excessive use of antibiotics; aka “black hairy tongue”)

Question 19

Linguo-

Answer 19

Pertaining to the tongue (Linguoversion - any number of teeth that are tilted toward the tongue)

Question 20

Lingual

Answer 20

Pertaining to the tongue (Lingual frenulum - a fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the undrsurface of the anterior tongue)

Question 21

Lumbo-

Answer 21

Pertaining to the lumbar vertebrae or the lower back (Lumbocostal ligament - connective tissue that binds the twelfth rib to the first two lumbar vertebrae)

Question 22

Lumborum

Answer 22

Pertaining to the lumbar vertebrae or the lower back (Lumbocostal ligament - connective tissue that binds the twelfth rib to the first two lumbar vertebrae)

Question 23

Mandibular

Answer 23

Pertaining to the mandible (jaw) (Temporomandibular joint - the joint formed by the condyle of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone of the skull)

Question 24

Mental

Answer 24

Pertaining to the portruding part of the chin (mentum) (Mental foramen - a small opening in the mandible in the region of the chin)

Question 25

Mylo-

Answer 25

**Pertaining to the lower jaw, specifically the molar teeth** (*Mylo*hyoid - a muscle that runs from the mylohyoid (a prominent ridge along the inner aspect of the lower jaw) to the hyoid bone)

Question 26

Naso-

Answer 26

**Pertaining to the nasal cavity** (*Naso*pharynx - the uppermost region of the pharynx in the general region of the posterior nasal cavity)

Question 27

Oculo-

Answer 27

**Pertaining to the eyes** (*Oculo*motor - cranial nerve III, responsible for movements of the eyeball)

Question 28

Omo-

Answer 28

**Pertaining to the shoulder region** (*Omo*hyoid - a two-bellied muscle that runs from the hyoid bone to the scapula (should blade))

Question 29

Oro-

Answer 29

**Pertaining to the oral cavity** (*Oro*pharynx - the middle region of the pharynx in the general region of the back of the oral cavity)

Question 30

Palatine

Answer 30

**Pertaining to the palate either hard or soft** (*Palatine* processes - the bony shelves of the maxilla that help form the hard palate)

Question 31

Palatini

Answer 31

**Pertaining to the palate, more often the soft palate** (Tensor veli *palatini* - a muscle that makes up the bulk of the body of the soft palate; its function is to tense the soft palate)

Question 32

Palato-

Answer 32

**Pertaining to the palate, more often the soft palate** (*Palato*glossus - a muscle that runs from the sides of the soft palate, around the sides of the posterior oral cavity, and into the sides of the posterior tongue)

Question 33

Pharyngeal

Answer 33

**Pertaining to the pharynx** (*Pharyngeal* aponeurosis - the broad, flat, funnel-shaped tube of connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the pharynx

Question 34

Pharyngo-

Answer 34

**Pertaining to the Pharynx** (*Pharyngo*palatine - a muscle that runs from the pharynx to the soft palate)

Question 35

Pterygo-

Answer 35

**Pertaining to the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone of the skull** (*Pterygo*mandibular ligament - a ligament that connects the mandible to the pterygoid process)

Question 36

Sacro-

Answer 36

**Pertaining to the sacrum** (*Sacro*spinalis - muscle that runs from the sacrum to the lower spinal column)

Question 37

Spheno-

Answer 37

**Pertaining to the sphenoid bone of the skull** (*Spheno*-occipital - pertaining to the sphenoid bone and the basilar process of the occipital bone)

Question 38

Sternal

Answer 38

**Pertaining to the sternum (breastbone)**(*Sterna*l notch - the indention along the superior border of the manubrium of the sternum)

Question 39

Sterni

Answer 39

**Pertaining to the sternum (breastbone)**(Manubrium *sterni* - the upper part of the sternum)

Question 40

Sterno-

Answer 40

**Pertaining to the sternum (breastbone)**(*Sterno*thyroid - a muscle that runs from the sternum to the thyroid cartilage)

Question 41

Stylo-

Answer 41

**Pertaining to the styloid process** (*Stylo*hyoid - a muscle that runs from the styloid process (on the inferior surface of the temporal bone of the skull) to the hyoid bone)

Question 42

Thyro-

Answer 42

**Pertaining to the thyroid cartilage** (*Thyro*epiglottic ligament - a ligament that attaches to the petiolus of the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage)

Question 43

Tracheo-

Answer 43

**Pertaining to the trachea (windpipe)** (*Tracheo*-esophageal puncture - a surgical procedure where an airway is established between the trachea and esophagus, so that a person who has undergone a laryngectomy can produce voicing)

Question 44

Tracheal

Answer 44

**Pertaining to the trachea (windpipe)** (Crico*tracheal* ligament - the ligament that anchors the cricoid cartilage onto superior border of the trachea)

Question 45

Veli

Answer 45

**Pertaining to the velum (soft palate)** (Levator *veli* palatini - a muscle whose purpose is to raise the soft palate)

Question 46

Velo-

Answer 46

**Pertaining to the velum (soft palate)** (*Velo*pharyngeal port - the variable-sized opening between the soft palate and the posterior pharyngeal wall)

Question 47

Vertebro-

Answer 47

**Pertaining to the spinal column** (*Vertebro*sternal - the articulation between the true ribs and the sternum; in this case, *vertebro-* comes from the fact that all the ribs have a posterior attachment to the vertebral column)