Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

__Y6 Finals Revision > __Y6 Abdo > Flashcards

__Y6 Abdo Flashcards

1
Q

Skip lesions

Crohn’s or UC?

A

Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

No inflammation past sub-mucosa

Crohn’s or UC?

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

‘Cobblestone’ mucosa

Crohn’s or UC?

A

Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pseudopolyps

Crohn’s or UC?

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Rose thorn ulcers

Crohn’s or UC?

A

Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Granulomas

Crohn’s or UC?

A

Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Decreased goblet cells

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Increased Goblet cells

A

Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Kantor’s string sign (strictures on Ba enema)

A

Crohn’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD

A

Erythema nordosum

Arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dermatitis herpatiformis

Intensely itchy, chronic papulovesicular blistering eruptions, usually distributed symmetrically on extensor surfaces

A

Coeliac disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hypersplenism vs splenomegaly

A

Hypersplenism is about function, not necessarily large, just hyper-functioning, +++ sequestration of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causes of portal HTN

A

Pre-hepatic – portal vein thrombosis (↑risk in prothrombotic states)
Hepatic – cirrhosis (most common)
Post-hepatic – Budd-Chiari, R heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Budd Chiari syndrome?

A

Occlusion of hepatic veins by thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Signs of liver decompensation

x5

A 
Ascites
Encephalopathy 
Hepatorenal syndrome (biochem sign)
Variceal bleeding
(Acute onset jaundice)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Child Pugh Score for cirrhosis mortality

Includes:
x5

A 
Bilirubin
Albumin 
INR
Ascites
Encephalopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Common causes of ESRF

A

PKD, diabetes, glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pfannenstiel incision

A

Transverse, convex, suprapubic

for C-sectons, abdo hysterectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Rutherford-Morrison incision

A

Hockey stick
Oblique, flank

Renal transplant

20
Q

Lanz incision

A

Horizontal incision in IF
variation of Mc Burneys

open appendectomy

21
Q

McBurney incision

A

Oblique, right iliac fossa

Open appendectomy

22
Q

Kocher incision

A

Oblique, Right upper quadrant

For hepatobiliary surgery eg. open cholecystectomy

23
Q

Abdo wall muscles and orientation

A

External oblique - hands on pockets

Internal oblique - perpendicular to ext ob

Transverse abdominal - horizontal/transverse

24
Q

Why is the Arcuate line important?

A

Below arcuate line (just below umbilicus) there is no posterior rectus sheath

Enables immediate access to peritoneum

25
Q

Transpyloric plane of Addison

A

1/2way between jugular notch and symphysis pubis

26
Q

Supercristal plane

A

L4/5, bifurcation of aorta, umbilicus in lean pts

27
Q

Discoloration of skin in pt with chronic pain due to prolonged exposure to hot water bottle?

A

Erythema ab igne

28
Q

GI causes of clubbing (x5)

A

CUMPF

Chronic liver disease
UC/Crohns
Malignancy
PBC
Familial
29
Q

Paramedian inscision

A

Historical
Vertical incision, next to midline

Wrongly thought it might be better than midline lap

30
Q

Rooftop incision

A

Subcostal
For HPB and oesophageal-gastric cancers

Mercedes Benz added vertical scar (liver transplant and allows access to chest)

31
Q

Indications for oblique and vertical inguinal incisions

A

Oblique bilateral inguinal incisions – hernias

Vertical inguinal vascular access scars – access arteries/veins

32
Q

Laparostomy

A

Unable to close abdo as too ill

Once healed forms a permanent incisional hernia

33
Q

HBsAg
Anti-HBs
Anti-HBc
HbeAg

A

HBsAg - implies current acute disease

Anti-HBs - implies immunity

Anti-HBc - implies previous infection (negative if vaccinated)

HBeAg - a marker of infectivity (results from breakdown of core ag)

34
Q

Histology - villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, raised intraepithelial lymphocytes

A

Coeliac disease

35
Q

Coeliac disease histology

A

Histology - villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, raised intraepithelial lymphocytes

36
Q

Embryology of gut

A

Foregut - coeliac trunk
Midgut - supplied by the sup mesenteric artery
Hindgut - inf mesenteric artery

37
Q

Branches of coeliac trunk

A

Splenic artery, hepatic artery, left gastric

38
Q

Branches of superior mesenteric artery

A

Ileocolic artery, right colic, middle colic

39
Q

Branches of inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left colic artery, sigmoid artery, superior rectal

40
Q

What makes a healthy anastamosis?

A

Good technique (complete join, no holes), no tension, no sepsis, no cancer

41
Q

Anterior resection vs APER

A

Based on how close pathology is to anal sphincter

If sphincter infiltrated or <1cm then sphincter must be sacrificed - do APER (with colostomy)

IF >1cm can make a join with a low anterior resection

42
Q

How to examine spider naevi?

A

Found in distribution of the SVC

Blanch and watch them fill from the CENTER

> 5 significant

43
Q

Signs of portal HTN

A

Splenomegaly
Ascites
Dilated veins on abdo
(haematemesis, malaena)

44
Q

Causes of obstructive jaundice

A

Malignancy (liver, pancreas)
Gallstones
PBC

45
Q

Cause of ascites (x6)

A 
Portal HTN
IVC/hepatic vein obstruction
Constrictive pericarditis
Ovarian malignancy
Peritoneal secondaties 
Hypo-proteinaemia states - nephrotic syndrome, liver failure, malabsorption
46
Q

Large mass in LUQ

How do you prove it’s spleen rather than kidney?

(x4)

A

Spleen has a notch
Cannot palpate above spleen
Spleen dull to percusion, kidney resonant due to overlying bowel
Kidney ballotable
Spleen moves to RIF, kidney moves down towards LIF

47
Q

d

A

d

__Y6 Finals Revision (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions