9.2 enthalpy changes Flashcards

1
Q

bond breaking is

A

endothermic
- you need energy to do it
- it has a positive enthalpy change value

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2
Q

bond formation is

A

exothermic
- energy is released
- the enthalpy chabege value is negative

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3
Q

define bond dissociation enthalpy

A

the amount of energy needed to break bond per mole in its gaseus state

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4
Q

define and explain average bond enthalpies

A
  • they’re not exact because the value is calculated average from a range of values that differ due to the shape of the compound they come from
  • def: the energy needed to break one mole of bonds in the gas phase averaged over many different compounds
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5
Q

To record enthalpy change you need two recordings

A
  • the number of moles your reacting
  • the change in temprature
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6
Q

Enthalpy changes equation for value in Joules

A

q=mc^T

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7
Q

units for the q=mc^T

A

q=heat lost or gained in J **
m=mass of water in a calorimeter or solution in the container in grams. the mass is measured not of the reactant but of the TOTAL mass of material that will record the heat change.
c=specific heat capacity of water 4.18
Jg-1K-1**
ΔT = Tfinal – T initial (this will give the correct sign as exothermic reaction ΔH is –ve and endothermic reactions ΔH is +ve.

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8
Q

is the The thermometer part of the system?

A

The thermometer is not part of the system, but contained within the
SURROUNDINGS

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9
Q

system, surroundings, universe

A

system = contents of the flask
universe=suroundings and system

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10
Q

Temperature is measured in kelvin but the fixed points are……

A

are equal (ice melting, water
boiling) so a 1K rise = 1oC

this means temperature CHANGE is the same in both K or oC.

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11
Q

If 50cm3 of solution is added then the mass will be

A

50g

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12
Q

how do you calculate enthalpy change in KJ/mol

A

ΔH = mcΔT/no moles

same as ΔH = q/

kJ mol-1

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13
Q

comment on thre accuracy for the enthalpy change of combustion

A

likley to be less exothermic than expected because
* heat loss to the suroundings mainly air surounding the flame
* incomeplte combustion of methanol eg.black soot on beaker
* evaporation of methanol from the wick. try weigh imediatley after extinguishing

liley to be more exothermic because
- non standard conditions

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14
Q
A
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