9.1 Tectonic Hazards Flashcards
What are the layers of the Earth?
Crust
Mantle
Inner Core
Outer core
Properties of the crust
Tectonic plates
Properties of the mantle
Semi molten rock layer
Properties of the inner core
solid
Plate boundaries: conservative
-plates slide past each other, either in different or the same direction but at different speeds
-parts of the plates get stuck, causing earthquakes
earthquake:
shaking and vibration caused by the Earth’s crust due to movements of the earth’s tectonic plates
impacts of earthquakes
primary:
-deaths and injuries
-damage to homes and buildings
secondary:
-trigger landslides leading to flooding
responses to earthquakes
short term:
-emergency shelters being built
-evacuation
long term:
-donations
- rebuilding buildings
-instructions found in leaflets given to inform people on what happens if an earthquake occurs
Where do volcanoes most commonly occur?
at destructive or constructive plate boundaries
Why do volcanoes occur?
due to magma rising from the mantle
What are two impacts of volcanic erruptions (categories)
-Social
-Economic
Examples of social impacts
- ash contaminating local water supplies, causing deadly effects if consumed
Example of economic impacts of a volcanic erruption
-airlines lose revenue due to smoke clouds and ash building upp in the sky
Examples of environmental impacts caused by volcanic erruptions
-heat from the erruption melt nearby glaciers, causing flooding
tsunami:
A large wave caused by the displacement of a large amount of water when an earthquake occurs down in the sea. This creates a wave that increases in height as it approaches the shore
